N320 EXAM 2 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES - EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 GRADED A+

N320 EXAM 2 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES - EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 GRADED A+. What is one of the best ways to determine fluid status? - correct answer Weigh self on a daily basis When taking Spironolactone, the patient should avoid foods high in - correct answer Potassium Which assessment finding would indicate fluid volume deficit? - correct answer Pulse rate increases from 100 beats/min to 136 beats/min An increase in pulse compensates for the decrease in fluid volume A patient with a sodium level of 178 is ordered to be started on 0.45% Saline. What is the most IMPORTANT nursing intervention for this patient? A. Maintain patent IV B. Give rapidly to ensure fluids levels are shifted properly C. Clarify doctor's order because 0.45% saline is contraindicated in hypernatremia D. Give slowly and watch for signs and symptoms of cerebral edema - correct answer D. Give slowly and watch for signs and symptoms of cerebral edema N320 EXAM 2 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES - EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 GRADED A+ You have completed diet teaching with a patient who has hypernatremia. Which statement by the patient causes concern? A. "I will buy fresh vegetables and fruits." B. "I will avoid eating canned foods." C. "I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches with bologna." D. "I will avoid cooking with butter." - correct answer C. "I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches with bologna." A patient with Cushing's Syndrome has been experiencing an infection and has a fever of 102'F. On assessment, you find the patient to be confused, restless, has dry mucous membranes, and flushed skin. Which finding below correlates with the presentation of this patient? A. Sodium level of 144 B. Sodium level of 115 C. Sodium level of 170 D. Sodium level of 135 - correct answer C. Sodium level of 170 A patient has a sodium level of 123 and presents with confusion. The doctor diagnoses the patient with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH). Which type of hyponatremia is this? A. Hypovolemic B. Euvolemic C. Hypervolemic D. Antivolemic - correct answer B: Euvolemic A patient with a sodium level of 112 is taking Lithium. Which of the following is a nursing priority? A. Hold further doses of Lithium B. Monitor Lithium drug level due to risk of toxicity C. Monitor potassium level due to increased risk of toxicity D. No priority is need. 112 is a normal sodium level - correct answer B. Monitor Lithium drug level due to risk of toxicity Which patient below is considered hypernatremic? A. A patient with a sodium level of 155 B. A patient with a sodium level of 145 C. A patient with a sodium level of 120 D. A patient with a sodium level of 136 - correct answer A. A patient with a sodium level of 155 A patient with a sodium level of 115 is ordered to start Declomycin. Which statement is NOT true about this medication? A. "Declomycin is an antidiuretic hormone antagonist that treats SIADH." B. "Declomycin is part of the tetracycline family." C. "Declomycin is to be taken with food, preferably, milk." D. "Declomycin is contraindicated in children and pregnant/nursing women." - correct answer C. "Declomycin is to be taken with food, preferably, milk." A patient with hypovolemic hyponatremia is started on IV fluids. Which of the following fluids do you expect the patient to be started on? A. 0.45% Saline B. 3% Saline C. D5W D. 0.33% Saline - correct answer B. 3% Saline A patient has a sodium level of 119. Which of the following is NOT related to this finding? A. Over secretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) B. Low salt diet C. Inadequate water intake D. Hypotonic fluid infusion (overload) - correct answer C. Inadequate water intake Which patient below is at risk for experiencing Hypovolemic Hyponatremia? A. Patient with congestive heart failure B. Patient with cirrhosis of the liver C. Patient on IV saline at 250 cc/hr D. Patient with nasogastric tube suction experiencing diarrhea - correct answer D. Patient with nasogastric tube suction experiencing diarrhea A patient has a sodium level of 130. What is this condition called? A. Hyponatremia B. Hypernatremia C. Normal Sodium Level D. Hypercalcemia - correct answer A. Hyponatremia Hypernatremia - correct answer - Hyper- "excessive" - Natr- prefix for sodium - Emia- blood Normal Sodium Level: 135-145 mEq/L 145 = hypernatremia Sodium is an important electrolyte that helps water move inside and outside of the water Where goes sodium, so goes water Intracellular and Extracellular Blood tests: measures amount of sodium outside of the cell Caused by osmosis: low concentration to higher concentration o Cell shrinks (hypertonic) CAUSES OF HYPERNATREMIA - correct answer "High Salt" H= hypercortisolism (Cushings Syndrome) Overproduction of aldosterone = retaining Na+ I = Increased Na+ (oral or Iv routes) G = GI feedings without adequate H20 supplement H = Hypertonic solutions (ex: saline) S = Sodium excretion decreased (ex: corticosteroids) A= Aldosterone problems (increase reabsorption of sodium) L = Loss of fluids (dehydrated), fever, sweating T = Thirst Impairment S/S of Hypernatremia ` - correct answer "No FRIED food for you!" F = Fever, Flushed skin R = Restlessness, really agitated I = Increased Fluid Retention E = Edema, extremely confused D = Decreased urine output, dry mouth and skin Nursing Interventions for Hypernatremia - correct answer Restrict Na+ Intake: Bacon, Butter, Canned Foods, Cheese, Hot dogs, lunch meat, processed foods, table salt Patient Safety: confused and agitated (Call light in reach, move closer to nurse's station)