Biology Paper 1 Question Exam.

Some features of plants? - correct answer Multicellular organisms Carry out photosynthesis Can store carbs as starch and sucrose Some features of animal? - correct answer Multicellular organisms Have nervous coordination and are able to move location Stores carbs as Glycogen Some features of fungi? - correct answer A thread-like structure Cell walls made of chitin Many contain a nucleus Feed on organic products Stores carbs as Glycogen Some features of Bacteria? - correct answer Single celled organisms No nucleus but similar to a plant cell Can photosynthesis or feed off other living or dead organisms Some features of Protoctists? - correct answer Single celled organisms Some are like animals and some are like plants Plasmodium is responsible for causing malaria Some features of viruses? - correct answer Smaller than bacteria Can only reproduce in living organisms Have a protein coat What is a tissue? - correct answer A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function What is an organ? And an organ system? - correct answer An organ is made up of several tissue types. An organ system is where different organs work together to carry out one job. E.G. Digestive system What are plants cell walls made of? - correct answer Cellulose Give two examples of fungi? - correct answer Yeast and Mucor Give two examples of protoctists? - correct answer Plasmodium and Chlorella What are pathogens and give an example? - correct answer Organisms that cause disease for example Plasmodium What is the name given to a biological catalyst? - correct answer Enzymes What is a catalyst? - correct answer A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction What is diffusion? - correct answer The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of low concentration What is 'saprotrophic nutition'? - correct answer The secretion of extracellular enzymes into the area outside their body to dissolve their food What is osmosis? - correct answer The net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration What is active transport? - correct answer The movement of particles against a concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) using energy released during respiration What nutrients does the body get energy from? - correct answer Carbs and Lipids What is the main role of digestive enzymes? - correct answer Break down big molecules into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed What are the two functions of bile? - correct answer To neutralise the acid from the stomach To emulsify fats - break the fat into tiny droplets What is peristalsis and why is it needed in the body? - correct answer Waves of circular muscle contraction in the gut. It is needed to prevent the clogging of food What is assimilation? - correct answer When digested molecules become part of the cells 3 features of villi? - correct answer Large surface Micro-villus They are long Single cell membrane Where are most of the chloroplasts found in a leaf structure? - correct answer Palisade layer What is the function of the waxy cuticle? - correct answer To be transparent and prevent water loss Name the three mineral ions that plants need for healthy growth? - correct answer Nitrates -for making amino acids Phosphates - for making DNA Potassium - needed to help enzymes during photosynthesis and respiration What happens if a plant doesn't get enough nitrates? - correct answer It will be short with yellow older leaves What happens if a plant doesn't get enough phosphates? - correct answer It will have poor root growth and purple older leaves What happens if a plant doesn't get enough Potassium? - correct answer Poor flower and fruit growth Discoloured leaves Why is magnesium needed and what would happen without it? - correct answer It is needed for chlorophyll and without magnesium the plant will have yellow leaves Explain why plants an animals need transport systems to move substances around their bodies but unicellular organisms don't? - correct answer Unicellular organisms can diffuses substances in and out of the cell due to the small diffusion distance. However in multicellular organisms, direct diffusion is too slow due to the large diffusion distance. What is the function of xylem vessels in plants? - correct answer To carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves