Function of Osteoclasts - ANSWERChew up bone, secretes an acidic substance that dissolves "chews" up bones
Three layers of muscle - ANSWEREpimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium
Fascicle - ANSWERbundle of muscle fibers
myofibril is made up of - ANSWERmyofilaments
Myofilaments - ANSWERThe cont...
Bio 254 exam 2 Questions & Answers(RATED A )
Function of Osteoclasts - ANSWERChew up bone, secretes an acidic substance that dissolves "chews" up bones
Three layers of muscle - ANSWEREpimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium
Fascicle - ANSWERbundle of muscle fibers
myofibril is made up of - ANSWERmyofilaments
Myofilaments - ANSWERThe contractile proteins, Actin and Myosin, of muscle cells
Origin - ANSWERAttachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction
Insertion - ANSWERPoint of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts
Prime Mover - ANSWERThe muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power.
Antagonist - ANSWERPerforms the opposite of action
Lever system components - ANSWERLever, Effort, Load
Muscles - ANSWERMoves skeleton & Substances.
Heat Production
Posture - ANSWERAre always contracting, unless we are lying down.
Characteristics of Skeletal of Muscle cells - ANSWERExcitability, Contractility, Extensibility
Excitability (irritability) - ANSWERAbility to be stimulated
Contractility - ANSWERAbility to contract, or shorten & produce body movement
Extensibility - ANSWERAbility to extend, or stretch, thereby allowing muscles to return to the their resting place length
Sarcolemma - ANSWERPlasma membrane of the muscle fibers Where does excitation of muscle occur? - ANSWERNMJ (neuromuscular junction)
Excitation of Muscle part 1 - ANSWERIn response to a Action Potential (AP) a motor neuron releases Acetylcholine. The Acetylcholine crosses the synaptic cleft and binds to
receptors on the plasma lemma.
Excitation of Muscle part 2 - ANSWERThe AP triggers the release of Calcium from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR), which in turns causes sodium to rush into the sarcoplasm
which causes depolarization. The AP travels up through the T-tubules (transverse tubules).
Muscle Plasma Membrane - ANSWERSarcolemma
Muscle Cell Cytoplasm - ANSWERSarcoplasm
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) - ANSWERthe enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
Epiphysis - ANSWEREnd of a long bone
Homeostasis of the calcium ion concentration is essential for: - ANSWER*Bone formation, remodeling, and repair
*Blood clotting
*Transmission of nerve impulses
*Maintenance of skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction
Parathyroid hormone - ANSWERStimulates OSTeoClasts to breakdown bone matrix and increase blood calcium levels
Calcitonin - ANSWERProtein hormone produced in the thyroid gland
Produced in response to high blood calcium levels
Stimulates bone deposition by OSTeoBlasts
Inhibits osteoclast activity
Osteoblast - ANSWERbone-forming cell
Osteoblast get trapped in? - ANSWERCollagenous fibers become embedded in the ground substance and constitute the bone matrix
Osteocytes - ANSWERmature bone cells found in lacunae
Osteoclasts - ANSWERBone-destroying cells
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