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NURS 3210 CARE PROVIDER TEST 2 questions with complete solutions.
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NURS 3210 CARE PROVIDER TEST 2 questions with complete solutions.
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NURS 3210 CARE PROVIDER TEST 2 questions with complete solutionsheart Correct Answer--moves blood throughout the body, removing wastes and nourishing cells
-deficits affect all tissues -changes in rate, output, or rhythm affect all human functions -10% of blood supply is in the heart at all times
pulmonary circulation Correct Answer-carries blood to lungs where CO2 released and O2 absorbed
systemic circulation Correct Answer-O2 blood and nutrients to all body tissues
cardiac circulation Correct Answer-pulmonary vein --> R. atrium --> tricuspid valve --> R. ventricle --> pulmonary artery --> lungs --> pulmonary vein --> left atrium --> bicuspid --> left ventricle --> aorta -->body
cardiac output Correct Answer-total volume of blood ejected from the heart each minute
stroke volume Correct Answer-quantity of blood ejected with each heart beat normal: 60-135 mL/beat
heart rate Correct Answer-number of cardiac cycles per minute ejection fraction Correct Answer-how much blood the left ventricle pumps out with each contraction. 55-65% is normal for ejection fraction. Heart failure ejection fraction is 40% or less.
cardiac cycle and cardiac output Correct Answer--CO=SV x HR -ischemia: a deficiency of blood due to constriction or obstruction of a vessel
sinoatrial node Correct Answer-hearts natural pacemaker. tells heart when to contract
left main artery Correct Answer-left coronary artery arteries perfused during diastole
--> rest of body perfused during systole
preload Correct Answer-the amount of cardiac muscle fiber tension that exists at the end of diastole just prior to the contraction of the ventricles. ^ volume --> ^ stretch ---> ^ force of contraction
myocardial Correct Answer-middle, thickest
endocardium Correct Answer-inner, muscular
pericardium Correct Answer-fibrous connective tissue that protects heart
pericardial sac Correct Answer-helps protect heart (10 ml)
renal failure in r/t heart Correct Answer-^ preload ^ CO dehydration r/t heart Correct Answer-decreased preload and CO
heart failure Correct Answer-^ preload and decreased CO
afterload Correct Answer-the force the ventricles must overcome to eject their volume (get blood into systemic circulation)
after load affected by Correct Answer--size of ventricle -wall tension -BP
systolic Correct Answer-peak pressure
diastolic Correct Answer-residual pressure during ventricular relaxation
characteristics of normal heart function Correct Answer-- rate (60-100)
- blood pressure (force of blood against blood vessels, we like 120/80)
-skin temperature (warm)
-skin color (pink. mucous membranes: dark and moist)
amount of urine Correct Answer-determines heart function
factors affecting normal heart function Correct Answer--age
-activity and exercise (more conditioned the heart, the slower the HR)
-gender -body position (elderly prone to orthostatic hypotension)
-coping and stress tolerance -lifestyle and habits (smoking, obesity)
conduction system Correct Answer-is more prone to dysfunction as we age --> pacemakers due to dysrhythmias
BP decreases with age bc Correct Answer-of decrease in elasticity
altered heart function Correct Answer--myocardial perfusion (clogged up: atherosclerosis)
-conduction defects -structural: valve dysfunction -overworked -inflammation
myocardial perfusion abnormalities: muscle damage Correct Answer--coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis- focal deposit of cholesterol and lipids)
-characterized by atheromas or plaques RISK FACTORS: NON MODIFIABLE: gender, age, race, genetics MODIFIABLE: obesity, HTN, diabetes, hyperlipidemia
LIFE STYLE: smoking-nicotine causes arterial constriction, limits perfusion
perfusion: atherosclerosis Correct Answer--progressive disease characterized by atheromas or plaques -theory: begins with a clot on the arterial wall as a result an injury to the wall
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