Ans: - ancient cultural practices that can look like physical abuse
- tell parents it's a good idea for them to alert medical personnel about these practices
so they don't think the child is being abused
2). Diaper dermatitis
Ans: caused by prolonged and repetitive contact with an irritant - urine, feces, soaps,
detergents, ointments and friction
- waking them up at night, it's probably infected
3). Candida albicans infection
Ans: - produces bright red lesions with raised borders and often with satellite lesions
- the infected area usually includes the folds and is painful
- topical antifungals are used to treat this
4). Candida albicans infection: risk factors
Ans: altered immune system and antibiotic therapy
Ans: eliminating the three factors considered to produce dermatitis
- wetness (hydration)
- pH
- fecal irritants
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, 6). Zinc oxide
Ans: - prevents skin injury and allows the skin to heal, apply when changing
- avoid rubbing/washing the skin frequently
- in the case of fungal dermatitis, a layer of antifungal powder (nystatin) or cream under
this can be used but don't mix them together
7). Children as interpreters
Ans: - it is important to stress literal interpretation of parent's responses
- have children translate a few sentences at a time
- ask questions directed at specific answers
8). Sleep position for infants
Ans: supine using a pacifier
9). Epiglottitis: signs and symptoms
Ans: - mimics cold symptoms
- sore throat
- can rapidly progress to severe respiratory distress
- pain with swallowing
- fever
- sits in a tripod position
- drooling, irritability and extreme restlessness
- voice is thick and muffled with a froglike croaking sound on inspiration
10). Epiglottitis: assessment
Ans: examination of the throat is contraindicated, DO NOT STICK ANYTHING IN THE
CHILD'S MOUTH
11). Epiglottitis: prevention
Ans: H. Influenza type b vaccination beginning at 2 months of age
12). Epiglottitis: nursing interventions
Ans: - making the child comfortable
- giving oxygen
- fluids
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, - antibiotics
- airway maintenance!
13). Protocol for munchausen's by proxy
Ans: - medical child abuse from caregivers (usually mothers)
- exaggerate or fabricate histories and symptoms or induce symptoms for sympathy and
attention
- resolution of symptoms after being separated from the parents is usually the
confirmation of the diagnosis
14). Respiratory syncytial virus strains
Ans: - A (more virulent, can cause bronchiolitis and pneumonia)
-B
15). Respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis: transmission
Ans: mostly through direct contact with infected respiratory secretions
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