Psych 110 Exam #1 Study Guide answers

The definition of psychology has evolved over the past 130 years to mean: - ans ---the scientific study of behavior and mental processes Your brother enthusiastically tells you, with great enthusiasm, that he is determined and has decided to run enter the marathon. To prepare, he has been running every morning in preparation. This initiation or production of behavior associated with motivation is also known as: - ans ---Activation The decision-making model known as the__________________, involves evaluating all the alternatives, one characteristic at a time, starting with the most important feature and scratching each alternative off the list of possible choices if it fails to meet the criterion. - ans ---elimination-by-aspects model Edward Titchener () started a school of thought in psychology called: - ans ---Psychoanalysis Louis forgot to bring his pillow when he went camping for the weekend, so he spent a very uncomfortable night. It didn't occur to him that he could use his down-filled jacket as a pillow. This example best illustrates: - ans ---Functional fixedness The heuristic by which we estimate an event's likelihood of happening by comparing how similar its essential features are to our prototype of the event is called the _______________________heuristic. - ans ---Available heuristic The early school of psychology called functionalism was largely influenced by the ideas of: - ans ---William James / Darwin It is nearly noon and Jan is very hungry. She takes out her sandwich and eats it until she is no longer hungry. According to ______, Jan's eating is motivated by the desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological needs. - ans ---Maslow's hierarchy of needs Functionalism differs primarily from structuralism in that functionalism emphasized: - ans ---The importance of how behavior functions to allow people and animals to adapt to their environments