Exam (elaborations)
NSG 5003 Cardiovascular questions with complete solutions.
- Course
- NSG 5003
- Institution
- South University
NSG 5003 Cardiovascular questions with complete solutions.
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NSG 5003 Cardiovascular questions with complete solutionsWhat is the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) in atherosclerosis?
A) LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation
B) LDLs cause regression of atherosclerotic plaques
C) LDLs increase levels of inflammatory cytokines
D) LDLs direct microphages to the site in the endothelium Correct Answer-Ans: A- LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation
Which inflammatory cytokines are released when endothelial cells are injured?
A) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
B) interferon-beta (IFN-β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and granulocyte colony-
stimulating factor (G-CSF)
C) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 1 (IL-1)
D) interferon-alpha (IFN-α), interleukin 12 (IL-12), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) Correct Answer-Ans: C- tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 1 (IL-1)
When endothelia cells are injured, which alteration contributes to atherosclerosis? A) toxic oxygen radicals that oxidize low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are released
B) cells are unable to make the normal amount of vasodilation cytokines
C) cells produce an increased amount of anti-thrombotic cytokines
D) cells develop hypersensitivity to homocysteine and lipids Correct Answer-Ans: B- cells are unable to make the normal amount of vasodilation cytokines
Which factor is responsible for hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with hypertension?
A) increased norepinephrine
B) adducin
C) angiotensin II
D)insulin resistance Correct Answer-Ans: C- angiotensin II
What effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm?
A) atherosclerosis cause ischemia of the intima
B) atherosclerosis increases nitric oxide
C) atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall
D) atherosclerosis obstructs the vessel Correct Answer-Ans: C- atherosclerosis erodes the vessel wall
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