MDC4 Exam 1 (A+ Graded Already)

What is the most common type of dementia? correct answers Alzheimer's disease Is Alzheimer's reversible? correct answers No What is the etiology of Alzheimer's? correct answers Unknown Alzheimer's is the result of? correct answers changes in personality, memory, and/or judgement What are risk factors for Alzheimer's? correct answers * 65+ years * female * head injury * APOE gene what is the patho of Alzheimer's correct answers plaques, tangles, degeneration of neurons How is Alzheimer's diagnosed? correct answers biopsy at autopsy is the only definitive way but dementia can be ruled out with CT, labs, UA, and MRI Early s/s of Alzheimer's Disease correct answers - decreased short term memory - decreased sense of smell - misplaced items Middle s/s of Alzheimer's Disease correct answers - wander - agitated - incontinent - money issues late s/s of Alzheimer's disease correct answers - bed ridden - agnosia (inability to recognize objects, people, or sounds) Medications used for Alzheimer's correct answers Cholinesterase inhibitors - slow breakdown of Ach - Donepezil and Rivastigimine NMDA receptor antagonists - block excess amounts of glutamate - Memantine Nursing care for Alzheimer's correct answers - safe environment (#1) good lighting, no clutter - stick with a routine - offer walks, exercise - reduce distractions - avoid use of restraints