NR565/NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS MIDTERM/FINAL EXAM WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS RATED A+
• An 82-year-old patient has just been diagnosed with herpes zoster (shingles) and
the nurse practitioner wants to prescribe an antiviral. Which of the antivirals used
in treating herpes ...
• An 82-year-old patient has just been diagnosed with herpes zoster (shingles) and
the nurse practitioner wants to prescribe an antiviral. Which of the antivirals used
in treating herpes zoster has a higher incidence of serious adverse reactions in
immunocompromised patients?
- Valtrex
• Which of the following patients may be treated with a 3-day course of therapy for
their urinary tract infection?
A 19-year old healthy female
• A 3-year old male with moderately persistent asthma has been diagnosed with
type A influenza. Which of the following is true regarding treatment with
oseltamivir(Tamiflu)?
The medication should be started within the first 48 hours of influenza symptoms.
• Which of the following is the best initial treatment for a 3-year old with an upper
respiratory infection?
- Nasal saline spray
- Decongestants should be avoided in which of the following?
- Patients with Hypertension
• A 10-year old, otherwise healthy boy, is diagnosed with acute sinusitis. Which of the
following should the nurse practitioner prescribe?
- Amoxicillin
• A 15-year old male presents with complaints of a rash. The nurse practitioner
observes a small superficial raised 3mm round lesion that appears to be a reaction
from an insect bite. The lesion is red and swollen with surrounding erythema and
moderate excoriation due to scratching. There is no drainage from the wound. His
parents have limited income and request the cheapest medication available to treat
, their son. Which ofthe following is the best treatment choice in this case?
Bacitracin and polymixin B (generic double antibiotic ointment).
• A 73-year old female tested positive as a nasal methicillin resistant staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) carrier during a pre-operative assessment. Treatment to eradicate
nasal MRSA is mupirocin. Which of the following should the nurse practitioneradvise
regarding the treatment?
Apply 1/2 the dose to each nostril once in the morning and once in the evening.
• A 29-year old male presents to the clinic with a 3 day history of nasal congestion,
runny nose, scratchy throat and cough. The nurse practitioner diagnoses an acute
upper respiratory infection (URI). Which of the following is the most appropriate
treatment to relieve the patient's symptoms?
Topical oxymetazoline (Afrin).
• Which of the following is an oral third generation cephalosporin that is commonly
used to treat UTIs?
Cefpodoxime, Cefpodoxime is the only 3rd generation option.
• Education of women who are being treated with ophthalmic antibiotics for
conjunctivitis should include which of the following?
Throwing away eye makeup and purchasing new.
• A 31-year old healthy, nonpregnant, adult woman was recently treated for a
urinary tract infection (UTI). She is asking about drinking cranberry juice to
prevent arecurrence of the UTI. Which of the following is correct?
100% cranberry juice or cranberry juice extract may decrease
• A 70-year old female was prescribed betaxolol ophthalmic drops by her
ophthalmologist to treat her glaucoma. Why should oral beta blockers be
avoided inpatients who use ophthalmic beta blockers?
The additive effects may include bradycardia. The use of ophthalmic beta blockers
withsystemic beta blockers may cause additive beta blockade effects.
Coadministration of ophthalmic timolol has caused bradycardia and asystole.
,• Kasey fractured his ankle in two places and is asking for medication for his pain.
Theappropriate first-line medication would be:
- Acetaminophen with hydrocodone (Vicodin)
• Kirk sprained his ankle and is asking for pain medication for his mild-to-moderate
pain. The appropriate first-line medication would be:
Ibuprofen (Advil)
• Larry is taking allopurinol to prevent gout. Monitoring of a patient who is taking
allopurinol includes:
- BUN, creatinine, and creatinine clearance
• Phil is starting treatment with febuxostat (Uloric). Education of patients starting
febuxostat includes:
- Gout may worsen with therapy.
• Sallie has been taking 10 mg per day of prednisone for the past 6 months. She
should be assessed for:
- Osteoporosis
• Patients whose total dose of prednisone will exceed 1 gram will most likely need a
second prescription for:
- Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor to prevent peptic ulcer disease
• Daniel has been on 60 mg of prednisone for 10 days to treat a severe asthma
exacerbation. It is time to discontinue the prednisone. How is prednisone
discontinued?
Develop a tapering schedule to slowly wean Daniel off the prednisone.
• Jack, age 8, has attention deficit disorder (ADD) and is prescribed
methylphenidate(Ritalin). He and his parents should be educated about the side
effects of methylphenidate, which are:
- Insomnia and decreased appetite
, • Monitoring for a child on methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder(ADHD) includes:
ADHD symptoms
Routine height and weight checks
Amount of methylphenidate being used
• When prescribing Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) to adults with
ADHDthe nurse practitioner will need to monitor:
- Blood pressure
• Common mistakes practitioners make in treating anxiety disorders include:
Thinking a partial response to medication is acceptable
• An appropriate first-line drug to try for mild to moderate generalized anxiety
disorderwould be:
- Buspirone (Buspar)
• An appropriate drug to initially treat panic disorder is:
Diazepam (Valium)
• Prior to starting antidepressants, patients should have laboratory testing to rule out:
Hypothyroidism
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