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Brooks Exam 2 Key Terms Questions and Answers 100% Accurate

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Ordinance of 1784 - ANSWER_A law drafted by Thomas Jefferson that regulated land ownership and defined the terms by which western land would be marketed and settled; it established stages of self-government for the West. First Congress would govern a territory; then the territory would be admitted ...

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  • March 26, 2024
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Brooks Exam 2 Key Terms Questions
and Answers 100% Accurate

Articles of Confederation - ANSWER_First frame of government for the United
States; in effect from 1781 to 1788, it provided for a weak central authority and was
soon replaced by the Constitution.

Ordinance of 1784 - ANSWER_A law drafted by Thomas Jefferson that regulated
land ownership and defined the terms by which western land would be marketed and
settled; it established stages of self-government for the West. First Congress would
govern a territory; then the territory would be admitted to the Union as a full state.

Ordinance of 1785 - ANSWER_A law that regulated land sales in the Old Northwest.
The land surveyed was divided into 640- acre plots and sold at $1 per acre

Northwest Ordinance of 1787 - ANSWER_Law that created the Northwest Territory
(area north of the Ohio River and West of Pennsylvania), established conditions for
self-government and statehood, include a Bill of Rights, and permanently prohibited
slavery

Empire of Liberty - ANSWER_The idea, expressed by Jefferson, that the United
States would not rule its new territories as colonies, but rather would eventually
admit them as full member states.

Constitutional Convention - ANSWER_Meeting in Philadelphia, May 25-September
17, 1787, of representatives from twelve colonies-excepting Rhode Island-to revise
the existing Articles of Confederation; convention soon resolved to produce an
entirely new constitution.

Virginia Plan - ANSWER_Virginia's delegation to the Constitutional convention's plan
for a strong central government and a two house legislature apportioned by
population

New Jersey Plan - ANSWER_New Jerseys delegation to the Constitutional
Conventions plan for one legislative body with equal representation for each state

Federalism - ANSWER_A system of government in which power is divided between
the central government and the states

Division of Powers - ANSWER_The division of Political Power between the state and
federal governments under the U.S. Constitution

Checks and Balances - ANSWER_A systematic balance to prevent any one branch
of the national government from dominating the other two.

, Separation of Powers - ANSWER_Feature of the U.S. constitution, sometimes called
"checks and balances", in which power is divided between executive, legislative and
judicial branches of the national government so that no one can dominated the other
two and endanger citizens' liberties

Three-Fifths Compromise - ANSWER_A provision signed into the Constitution in
1787 that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted in determining each
state's representation in the House of representatives and its electoral votes for
president

The Federalist - ANSWER_Collection of eighty-five essays that appeared in the New
York press in 1787-1788 in support of the Constitution; written by Alexander
Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay and published under the pseudonym
"Publius."

Anti-Federalists - ANSWER_Opponents of the Constitution who saw it as a limitation
on individual and states' rights; their demands led to the addition of a Bill of Rights to
the document

Treaty of Greenville - ANSWER_1795 treaty under which twelve Indian tribes ceded
most of Ohio and Indiana to the federal government, and which also established the
"annuity" system.

Bill of Rights - ANSWER_The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution. adopted
in 1791 to guarantee individual rights against infringement by the federal government

Annuity System - ANSWER_The system of yearly payments to Native American
tribes by which the federal government justified and institutionalized its interference
in Indian tribal affairs

Gradual Emancipation - ANSWER_A series of acts passed in state legislatures
throughout the North in the years following the Revolution that freed slaves after they
reached a certain age, following lengthy "apprenticeships"

Letters from an American Farmer - ANSWER_1782 book by Hector St. John de
Crevecoeur that popularized the notion that the United States was a "melting pot"
while excluding people of color from the process of assimilation

Notes on the State of Virginia - ANSWER_Thomas Jefferson's 1785 book that
claimed, among other things, that black people were incapable of becoming citizens
and living in harmony alongside white people due to the legacy of slavery and what
Jefferson believed were the "real distinctions that nature has made" between races.

Bank of the United States - ANSWER_Proposed by the first secretary of the
treasury, Alexander Hamilton, the bank opened in 1791 and operated until 1811 to
issue a uniform currency, make business loans, and collect tax monies. The Second
Bank of the United States was chartered in 1816 but President Andrew Jackson
vetoed the recharter bill in 1832.

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