Functionalism and Conflict theory are two very different schools of thought looking at the same social
world. With the focus on Conflict theory in this instance, discuss how conflict theorists view schooling as
social construct. (10) Question 2 Elaborate on the interpretivist approach and how shared meanings
influence how the individual interprets and interacts in a particular social context. (10) Chapter 2:
Functionalist perspective on schooling Question 3 The Stage Theory has had a significant influence on
matters of educational policy in third world countries. Explain what the Stage Theory is and briefly
analyse the debate both inside and outside of the functionalist camp on this statement. (10) 28 Question
4 With reference to the functionalist perspective, critically discuss modernisation and how the
modernisation theory emphasises the importance of human capital. (10) Chapter 3: Functional theory,
policy and problems Question 5 Robert F Merton is on the one hand an important advocate of
Functionalism, but on the other hand he has specific notions about functions. Explain Merton’s
distinction between functions and reason. (10) Chapter 4: Marxist theory and education Question 6
Briefly explain the Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA’s) of Louis Althusser. (10) Chapter 5: The hidden
curriculum revisited Question 7 Argue the Marxist point of view in terms of the hidden curriculum in
school context and also refer to Anyon’s analysis of how the Marxist perspective extends to the concept
of the hidden curriculum and how it reproduces the relations of production. (10) Question 8 The
relationship between Feminism and Marxism has not always been an easy one. Briefly discuss Feminism
as a form of Conflict Theory. (10) Chapter 6: The interpretivist point of view Question 9 Objections to the
interpretivist approach as a superior mode of understanding are many. PSE4801/101 29 Briefly explain
these objections, with particular reference to functionalist and Marxist arguments. (10) Chapter 7:
Meaning and messages: Schooling and socialisation Question 10 Marxists draw attention to the way in
which social roles are generated in contemporary society. Briefly explain the concepts of interpretation
and legitimisation as portrayed by Marxists. (10)
Assignment 2: Social Theory in Education
Question 1: Conflict Theory and Schooling
Conflict theorists view schooling as a social construct through the lens of power dynamics and
inequality. They argue that the education system perpetuates and reproduces existing social inequalities
by serving the interests of the dominant class. According to conflict theory, schools are not neutral
institutions but rather serve to maintain the status quo by socializing students into accepting their roles
within the existing hierarchy. Conflict theorists highlight how the curriculum, teaching methods, and
allocation of resources within schools reflect and reinforce the values and interests of the ruling class.
They also emphasize the role of education in legitimizing inequality, as it often fails to provide equal
opportunities for all students, particularly those from marginalized backgrounds. In essence, conflict
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