Community Health NR442 exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Community Health NR442 exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the environment and health? a. Because of the large number of variables involved, the relationship between environment and health cannot be researched. b. Because the environment has such long-term effects on health, research findings are not yet available. c. Research shows that a healthy environment has limited impact on one's health. d. Research shows that a healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy living. - Answer- ANS: D A healthy environment increases quality of life and years of healthy living. Accumulated evidence shows that the environmental changes of the past few decades have profoundly influenced the status of public health. Globally, environmental factors contribute to nearly 25% of all deaths and increase disease burden (World Health Organization, 2006). The safety, beauty, and life-sustaining capacity of the physical environment are unquestionably of global consequence. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250 When using an environmental perspective, which of the following would be the most important question for a nurse to ask when assessing potential health problems? a. "Can you tell me how you have been feeling?" b. "Can you tell me what you do at work?" c. "What brings you here today?" d. "What problems have you been having?" - Answer- ANS: B Because 25% of worldwide preventable illnesses are caused by poor environmental quality, nurses need to ask critical questions about their clients' work and home environments to help discern the contributions of specific hazards to their health. This can be accomplished by an environmental health history. The other responses do not address a question that would be addressed during an environmental health history. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250 How does critical theory differ from other nursing theories such as the health belief model or Orem's self-care deficit theory? a. Critical theory can be used by professionals other than nurses. b. Critical theory focuses on oppression and facilitates group action. c. Critical theory is not directly related to health promotion. d. Critical theory confronts changing an individual's beliefs. - Answer- ANS: B Critical theory is an approach that raises questions about oppressive situations, involves community members in the definition and solution of problems, and facilitates group interventions. The other two theories focus more on individual beliefs and choice of action. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250 Which of the following statements best describe why environmental health is more challenging than other variables related to an individual's health? a. Environmental health affects susceptible individuals more than groups. b. Environmental health demands that individuals be willing to change their beliefs. c. Environmental health is dependent on social neighborhoods, as well as geography. d. Environmental health requires social, economic, and political changes to improve. - Answer- ANS: D Intervening to improve environmental conditions requires basic social, economic, and political changes. Aggregates must work together to create such change. The other responses do not address the multiple dimensions that must be impacted in order to impact change within environmental health. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 250 Which of the following nursing actions would be the most helpful to the community's long-term health? a. Careful assessment, diagnosis, planning, and giving care to individual patients and their families b. Dialogue with community members concerning what health issues are of importance in that community c. Focusing on family health through school-based neighborhood clinics d. Helping the community create political change through organization, use of media, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations - Answer- ANS: D The ultimate goal is liberating people from health-damaging environmental conditions by using collective actions. Mechanisms have included strategic organization, litigation, public hearing testimony, letter-writing campaigns, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations. Helping the community create political change through organization, use of media, legislative lobbying, and mass demonstrations shows how collective action can be applied. The other interventions do not demonstrate the use of collective action. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: p. 251 Which of the following best explains why it is difficult to get others interested in environmental health? a. Environmental problems just are not interesting or dramatic. b. It's difficult to get media interested. c. People respond more to an acute crisis than chronic environmental problems. d. People respond more to an individual asking for help than a community asking for help. - Answer- ANS: C People respond to acute crises with dramatic media coverage (such as hurricanes or earthquakes), but ongoing consistent pressure is needed to ensure day-to-day environmental integrity. Chronic environmental problems are rarely addressed effectively