NCLEX
Questions-Ethical
and
Legal
Issues
1.
The
nurse
hears
a
client
calling
out
for
help,
hurries
down
the
hallway
to
the
client's
room,
and
finds
the
client
lying
on
the
floor .
The
nurse
performs
an
assessment,
assists
the
client
back
to
bed,
notifies
the
health
care
provider
of
the
incident,
and
completes
an
incident
report.
Which
statement
should
the
nurse
document
on
the
incident
report?
a.
The
client
fell
out
of
bed
b.
The
client
climbed
over
the
side
rails
c.
The
client
was
found
lying
on
the
floor
d.
The
client
became
restless
and
tried
to
get
out
of
bed.
-
ANS
1.
C-
The
incident
report
should
contain
the
client's
name,
age,
and
diagnosis.
The
report
should
contain
a
factual
description
of
the
incident,
any
injuries
experienced
by
those
involved,
and
the
outcome
of
the
situation.
The
correct
option
is
the
only
one
that
describes
the
facts
as
observed
by
the
nurse.
Options
1,
2,
and
4
are
interpretations
of
the
situation
and
are
not
factual
information
as
observed
by
the
nurse.
2.
A
client
is
brought
to
the
emergency
department
by
emergency
medical
services
(EMS)
after
being
hit
by
a
car .
The
name
of
the
client
is
unknown,
and
the
client
has
sustained
a
severe
head
injury
and
multiple
fractures
and
is
unconscious.
An
emergency
craniotomy
is
required.
Regarding
informed
consent
for
the
surgical
procedure,
which
is
the
best
action?
a.
Obtain
a
court
order
for
the
surgical
procedure
b.
Ask
the
EMS
team
to
sign
the
informed
consent
c.
T ransport
the
victim
to
the
operating
room
for
surgery
d.
Call
the
police
to
identify
the
client
and
locate
the
family .
-
ANS
2.
C-
In
general,
there
are
two
situations
in
which
informed
consent
of
an
adult
client
is
not
needed.
One
is
when
an
emergency
is
present
and
delaying
treatment
for
the
purpose
of
obtaining
informed
consent
would
result
in
injury
or
death
to
the
client.
The
second
is
when
the
client
waives
the
right
to
give
informed
consent.
Option
1
will
delay
emergency
treatment,
and
option
2
is
inappropriate.
Although
option
4
may
be
pursued,
it
is
not
the
best
action
3.
The
nurse
has
just
assisted
a
client
back
to
bed
after
a
fall.
The
nurse
and
health
care
provider
have
assessed
the
client
and
have
determined
that
the
client
is
not
injured.
After
completing
the
incident
report,
the
nurse
should
implement
which
action
net? a.
Reassess
the
client
b.
Conduct
a
staf f
meeting
to
describe
the
fall
c.
Document
in
the
nurse's
notes
that
an
incident
report
was
completed.
d.
Contact
the
nursing
supervisor
to
update
information
regarding
the
fall
-
ANS
3.
A-
After
a
client's
fall,
the
nurse
must
frequently
reassess
the
client
because
potential
complications
do
not
always
appear
immediately
after
the
fall.
The
client's
fall
should
be
treated
as
private
information
and
shared
on
a
"need
to
know"
basis.
Communication
regarding
the
event
should
involve
only
the
individuals
participating
in
the
client's
care.
An
incident
report
is
a
problem-solving
document;
however ,
its
completion
is
not
documented
in
the
nurse's
notes.
If
the
nursing
supervisor
has
been
made
aware
of
the
incident,
the
supervisor
will
contact
the
nurse
if
status
update
is
necessary .
4.
The
nurse
arrives
at
work
and
is
told
to
report
(float)
to
the
intensive
care
unit
(ICU)
for
the
day
because
the
ICU
is
understaf fed
and
needs
additional
nurses
to
care
for
the
clients.
The
nurse
has
never
worked
in
the
ICU.
The
nurse
should
take
which
action
first?
a.
Call
the
hospital
lawyer
b.
Refuse
to
float
to
the
ICU
c.
Call
the
nursing
supervisor
d.
Identify
tasks
that
can
be
performed
safely
in
the
ICU
-
ANS
4.
D-
Floating
is
an
acceptable
legal
practice
used
by
hospitals
to
solve
understaf fing
problems.
Legally ,
the
nurse
cannot
refuse
to
float
unless
a
union
contract
guarantees
that
nurses
can
work
only
in
a
specified
area
or
the
nurse
can
prove
the
lack
of
knowledge
for
the
performance
of
assigned
tasks.
When
encountering
this
situation,
the
nurse
should
set
priorities
and
identify
potential
areas
of
harm
to
the
client.
The
nursing
supervisor
is
called
if
the
nurse
is
expected
to
perform
tasks
that
he
or
she
cannot
safely
perform.
Calling
the
hospital
lawyer
is
a
premature
action.
5.
The
nurse
who
works
on
the
night
shift
enters
the
medication
room
and
finds
a
co-worker
with
a
tourniquet
wrapped
around
the
upper
arm.
The
co-worker
is
about
to
insert
a
needle,
attached
to
a
syringe
containing
clear
liquid,
in
the
antecubital
area.
Which
is
the
most
appropriate
action
by
the
nurse?
a.
Call
security
b.
Call
the
police
c.
Call
the
nursing
supervisor
d.
Lock
the
co-worker
in
the
medication
room
until
help
is
obtain
-
ANS
5.
C-
Nurse
practice
acts
require
reporting
impaired
nurses.
The
board
of
nursing
has
jurisdiction
over
the
practice
of
nursing
and
may
develop
plans
for
treatment
and
supervision
of
the
impaired
nurse.
This
incident
needs
to
be
reported
to
the
nursing
supervisor ,
who
will
then
report
to
the
board
of
nursing
and
other
authorities,
such
as
the
police,
as
required.
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