Test Bank - Understandin g Pathophysiol ogy, CHAPTER 17th by Sue E. Huether

Test Bank - Understandin g Pathophysiol ogy, CHAPTER 17th by Sue E. Huether Which of the following statements applies to bile salts? A) They give feces the characteristic brown color. B) They are enzymes used to break down fats into free fatty acids. C) They emulsify lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins. D) They are excreted in the feces. - ANS-C The visceral peritoneum: A) lines the abdominal wall. B) hangs from the stomach over the loops of small intestine. C) contains many pain receptors. D) forms the outer covering of the stomach. - ANS-D The early stage of vomiting causes: A) metabolic alkalosis. B) metabolic acidosis. C) increased respirations. D) increased excretion of hydrogen ions. - ANS-A Yellow or greenish stained vomitus usually indicates the presence of: A) bile. B) blood. C) protein. D) bacteria. - ANS-A Small, hidden amounts of blood in stool are referred to as: A) melena. B) occult blood. C) frank blood. D) hematemesis. - ANS-B Severe vomiting can lead to metabolic acidosis because of increased: A) ketones produced. B) CO2 retained in the lungs and kidneys. C) hypovolemia and lactic acid production. D) metabolic rate. - ANS-C What is the definition of dysphagia? A) A herniation of the gastric mucosa through a segment of weakened muscle B) Recurrent reflux of chyme into the esophagus C) Absence of a connection of the esophagus to the stomach D) Difficulty in swallowing - ANS-D What is a common cause of hiatal hernia? A) An abnormally long esophagus B) Increased intra-abdominal pressure C) Stenosis of the hiatus in the diaphragm D) A small fundus in the stomach - ANS-B What is a common sign of acute gastritis? A) Colicky right upper quadrant pain B) Vomiting and anorexia C) Projectile vomiting after eating D) Diarrhea with abdominal distention - ANS-B What does the pathophysiology of chronic gastritis include? A) Atrophy of the gastric mucosa with decreased secretions B) Hyperchlorhydria and chronic peptic ulcers C) Frequent vomiting and diarrhea D) Episodes of acute inflammation and edema of the mucosa - ANS-A What is a common cause of gastroenteritis due to Salmonella? A) Unrefrigerated custards or salad dressings B) Poorly canned foods C) Raw or undercooked poultry or eggs D) Contaminated water - ANS-C