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ADC ICRC exam Questions and Answers Latest Updated
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Exam of 22 pages for the course ADC at ADC (ADC ICRC exam)
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ADC ICRC examProcess of addiction: stage one - answer experimental and social use of occasional frequency sometimes as a result of curiosity, obtaining social acceptance, and thrill seeking. The experience is eutrophic and there are little noticeable changes.
process of addiction: stage two - answer abuse use becomes regular happening without friends sometimes alone or during the day time. Use may be a result of stress, anxiety, and trying to maintain eutrophic feeling. Changes in personality, conflict in relationships, lying.
process of addiction: stage three - answer dependency/addiction daily use and any means necessary to obtain. result of motivation to avoid pain and escape reality. guilt shame possible suicidal ideation. Physical deterioration of health. Chance of overdose.
Substance use disorder specifiers - answer in early remission, in sustained remission, on maintenance therapy, and in a controlled environment
Five components of effective treatment - answer assessment, patient-treatment matching, comprehensive services, relapse prevention, accountability
central nervous system - answer consists of the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system - answer the sensory and motor neurons that connect the
central nervous system to the rest of the body
somatic nervous system - answer the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles
autonomic nervous system - answer the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
sympathetic nervous system - answer part of the autonomic system that controls the "flight-or-fight" response in organisms.
parasympathetic nervous system - answer the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
Dopamine - answer A neurotransmitter associated with movement, attention and learning and the brain's pleasure and reward system. Acetylcholine - answer A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction
Norepinephrine - answer A neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood regulation
Serotonin - answer A neurotransmitter that affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and mood.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - answer Neurotransmitter that reduces activity across the synaptic cleft and thus inhibits a range of behaviors and emotions, especially
generalized anxiety.
Glycine - answer an inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the spine.
enkephalins and endorphins - answer pain killing properties extracted from brain and
pituitary gland.
Reuptake - answer A process in which neurotransmitters are sponged up from the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic membrane.
medulla oblongata - answer Part of the brainstem that controls vital life-sustaining functions such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, and digestion.
Pons - answer A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain
Midbrain - answer A small part of the brain above the pons that integrates sensory information and relays it upward.
Cerebellum - answer A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Thalamus - answer the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
Subthalamus - answer Involved in control of several functional pathways for sensory,
motor, and reticular function
Hypothalamus - answer A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward.
limbic system - answer neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives Cerebrum - answer Largest part of the brain; coordinates thought, reasoning, movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and the white matter beneath it.
frontal lobe - answer A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
parietal lobe - answer receives sensory input for touch and body position
temporal lobe - answer A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language.
occipital lobe - answer A region of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information
Beer and Light beer - answer anywhere between 3-6% alcohol
wine and wine coolers - answer coolers contain 4-9% alcohol. Table wine contains 10-14% alcohol.
spirits - answer vodka, whiskey, gin and brandy. Sold 40-50% alcohol content with proof equally twice the alcohol content.
standard drink - answer 12 oz beer, 5 oz wine, 1.5 oz liquor
alcohol absorption - answer No digestion, absorbed by simple diffusion. 20% directly from empty stomach, 80% absorbed in duodenum and jejunum
alcohol distribution - answer uniformly throughout tissues and bodily fluids
readily crosses blood brain barrier and placenta barrier (fetal damage)
alcohol elimination - answer Two to five percent of all alcohol is eliminated unchanged in urine, perspiration, and respiration. The remainder must be eliminated through detoxification and oxidation process by which can only be done by the liver.
Alcohol's effect on the digestive system - answer gas and indigestion in the short term, longer exposure can result in ulcers
Alcohol's effect on heart and circulation - answer sedation of the heart muscles reducing pumping power, initially diluting the blood vessels creating flush appearance of
skin later in higher doses affecting the body ability to regulate heat.
holiday heart syndrome - answer cardiac arrhythmias occurring after an acute heavy drinking episode
sludge - answer an irreversible condition of finer blood vessels clogging or slowing down circulation as a result of dead red blood cells building up in the vessels when the
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