Immunology MCQ Advanced Test With Correct Answers.

1) Which of the following is characteristic of antibodies? A) carbohydrate structure B) composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains C) three binding sites per antibody monomer D) incapable of being transferred from one person to another - correct answer B) composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains 2) Which of the following is associated with passive immunity? A) long-term immune protection B) infusion of weakened viruses C) passage of IgG antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus D) booster shot - correct answer C) passage of IgG antibodies from a pregnant mother to her fetus 3) Which of the following is not a type of T cell? A) cytotoxic B) antigenic C) helper D) regulatory - correct answer B) antigenic 4) B lymphocytes develop immunocompetence in the ________. A) thymus B) spleen C) bone marrow D) lymph nodes - correct answer C) bone marrow 5) In clonal selection of B cells, which substance is responsible for determining which cells will eventually become cloned? A) antigen B) lymphocyte C) antibody D) macrophage - correct answer A) antigen 6) The system that recognizes foreign molecules and acts to immobilize, neutralize, or destroy them is the ________. A) integumentary system B) renal system C) immune system D) lymphatic system - correct answer C) immune system 7) The process whereby neutrophils and other white blood cells are attracted to an inflammatory site is called ________. A) diapedesis B) chemotaxis C) margination D) phagocytosis - correct answer B) chemotaxis 8) Small molecules that bind with self-proteins to produce antigenic substances are called ________. A) haptens B) antibodies C) ions D) reagins - correct answer A) haptens 9) The chief antibody-mediated mechanism used against cellular antigens, such as bacteria, is ________. A) interferon production B) complement fixation C) neutralization D) agglutination - correct answer B) complement fixation 10) The only T cells that can directly attack and kill other cells are the ________. A) regulatory cells B) helper cells C) cytotoxic cells D) plasma cells - correct answer C) cytotoxic cells 11) Select the correct statement about phagocytic cells. A) Neutrophils may destroy themselves when they phagocytize large quantities of a foreign substance. B) Macrophages release defensins during killing. C) The respiratory burst characterizes eosinophil phagocytosis. D) Kupffer cells are a type of neutrophil. - correct answer A) Neutrophils may destroy themselves when they phagocytize large quantities of a foreign substance. 12) ________ predominate at the sites of chronic infections. A) Basophils B) Eosinophils C) Macrophages D) B cells - correct answer C) Macrophages 13) ________ determine(s) what specific foreign substances our adaptive immune system will be able to recognize and resist. A) The type of antigen B) Memory cell production C) Enzymes present at the time of the invasion D) Our genes - correct answer D) Our genes 14) Regulatory T cells ________. A) release cytokines that increase the activity of cytotoxic T cells and activated B cells B) decrease their activity as antigenic stimulus decreases C) may function in preventing autoimmune reactions D) are the most thoroughly understood T cells - correct answer C) may function in preventing autoimmune reactions 15) ________ are released by activated T cells and macrophages to mobilize immune cells and attract other leukocytes into the area. A) Cytokines B) Perforins C) Interleukin 1 proteins D) Interleukin 2 proteins - correct answer A) Cytokines 16) Which of the following is a part of the second line of defense against microorganisms? A) keratin B) cilia C) gastric juice D) phagocytes - correct answer D) phagocytes 17) Which of the following is characteristic of complete antigens? A) small molecules B) reactivity with an antibody C) contain many repeating chemical units D) inhibit production of antibodies - correct answer B) reactivity with an antibody 18) B cells respond to the initial antigen challenge by ________. A) reducing its size B) immediately producing antigen-specific antibodies C) forming of a large number of cells that are unlike the original B cell D) producing progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells - correct answer B) immediately producing antigen-specific antibodies 19) Which of the following is not characteristic of the adaptive immune system? A) It is antigen-specific. B) It is systemic. C) It has memory. D) It is specific for a given organ. - correct answer D) It is specific for a given organ. 20) Which of the following would be classified as a delayed hypersensitivity reaction? A) immune complex hypersensitivity B) anaphylaxis C) cytotoxic hypersensitivity D) allergic contact dermatitis - correct answer D) allergic contact dermatitis 21) Innate immune system defenses include ________. A) B cells B) T cells C) plasma cells D) phagocytosis - correct answer D) phagocytosis 22) Phagocyte mobilization involves ________. A) diapedesis, during which cells line up against the capillary wall B) margination, which is the process of white cell movement through the walls of capillaries into injured tissues C) mainly neutrophil and macrophage migration into inflamed areas D) monocytes as the most active phagocyte - correct answer C) mainly neutrophil and macrophage migration into inflamed areas 23) Immunocompetence ________. A) occurs in one specific organ of the adaptive immune system B) is the ability of individual cells to recognize a specific antigen by binding to it C) prevents intercellular communication so that only specific cell types respond to the invader D) requires exposure to an antigen - correct answer B) is the ability of individual cells to recognize a specific antigen by binding to it 24) Select the correct statement about the prevention of immune attack on "self." A) The development of tolerance is specific to B cells only. B) Neutrophils capable of binding to self-antigens are chemically inactivated. C) Tolerance to self is due to the action of foreign antigens that inactivate the immune response to one's own tissues. D) Tolerance is developed during fetal life. - correct answer D) Tolerance is developed during fetal life. 25) Select the correct statement about active and passive im