D094
EXAM
PREP
Arnold
Gesell
theorized
that
children
develop
according
to
distinct
developmental
stages
-
ANS
True
Which
2
activities
should
an
18
month-old
be
able
to
perform?
-
ANS
Stacking
books
&
using
fingers
to
eat
crackers
Maslow's
Hierarchy
of
Needs
(pyramid)
-
ANS
self-actualization,
esteem,
love/belonging,
safety,
&
physiological.
Self-actualization
(Maslow)
-
ANS
personal
growth,
fulfillment,
&
realization
needs
of
one's
personal
potential
as
a
human
being.
"To
become
everything
one
is
capable
of
becoming."
esteem
(Maslow)
-
ANS
Self
respect,
respect
from
others,
achievement,
independence,
status,
&
prestige
needs.
Love
and
Belonging
(Maslow)
-
ANS
Friendships,
intimacy,
trust,
romance
&
love
needs
Safety
(Maslow)
-
ANS
Protection
from
the
elements,
financial
&
physical
security,
law
&
order,
&
freedom
from
fear
needs
Physiological
(Maslow)
-
ANS
Biological
requirements
for
survival
like
food,
water,
shelter,
&
clothing
Maslow's
expanded
hierarchy
of
needs
-
ANS
Transcendence,
self-actualization,
aesthetic,
cognitive,
esteem,
love/belonging,
safety,
physiological.
(First
4
are
growth
needs,
last
4
are
deficiency
needs)
Physiological
Needs
are
the
1st
needs
that
must
be
met
in
Maslow's
hierarchy
-
ANS
True
Lucas
is
a
4th
grade
student
who
has
read
almost
every
book
in
the
class
library.
He
asks
his
teacher
if
she'll
bring
him
some
"bigger
kid"
books
to
read
because
he's
bored
with
the
material
in
the
classroom.
Which
need
is
he
trying
to
satisfy?
-
ANS
Cognitive
Anika
has
served
on
student
council
for
the
past
2
years.
Now
that
she's
a
senior,
she
believes
she's
more
than
qualified
to
serve
as
student
council
president,
so
she
decides
to
run
for
office.
Anika
is
attempting
to
meet
a
safety
need.
-
ANS
False
(either
esteem
or
love/belonging) The
school
calls
an
assembly
each
quarter
to
distribute
academic
achievement
awards
to
students
who've
mastered
a
B
average
or
higher
that
quarter.
-
ANS
Deficiency
need:
Esteem
A
teacher
provides
students
with
multiple
opportunities
for
cooperative
group
activities
-
ANS
Deficiency
need:
love
and
belonging
A
school
institutes
a
rigorous
anti
bullying
program
-
ANS
Deficiency
need:
safety
The
school
cafeteria
opens
early
to
provide
free
and
reduced
price
breakfast
to
eligible
students
-
ANS
Deficiency
need:
physiological
stages
of
physical
development
(Arnold
Gesell)
-
ANS
Infancy:
birth-2
years
old,
adding
motor
skills,
holding
up
head,
rolling
over,
reaching
for
things,
sitting,
crawling,
&
walking.
By
2
they're
walking
with
increased
coordination,
manipulating
toys
in
hands,
feeding
themselves,
making
towers
of
cubes,
jump/running
awkwardly,
throwing
things,
&
using
a
zipper
Early
childhood:
2-6yrs
old,
improvements
in
gross
&
fine
motor
skills,
running,
jumping,
climbing,
tumbling,
&
swinging.
Can
string
beads,
put
puzzles
together,
&
begin
to
scribble.
By
4
many
can
print
their
names,
dress/undress
themselves,
&
eat
with
utensils
Middle
childhood:
6-10yrs
old,
gain
weight
&
height,
permanent
teeth
grow
in.
Participate
in
organized
sports
as
speed
&
coordination
skills
advance,
continue
to
refine
motor
skills
resulting
in
improved
handwriting
&
drawings.
Can
use
fine
motor
skills
to
sew,
build
models,
or
do
other
crafts
Adolescence:
10-18yrs
old,
weight/height
increases
rapidly,
includes
puberty.
Girls
usually
begin
earlier
than
boys.
Increase
in
hormones
affect
behavior,
might
reject
adult
authority,
&
reach
sexual
maturity
Ren
is
3yrs
old.
His
preschool
teacher
is
worried
about
him
because
he
can't
print
his
name
yet.
The
teacher's
concern
is
justified.
-
ANS
False
In
middle
school
classrooms,
teachers
can
use
the
same
activities
for
all
students.
-
ANS
False
An
18
month
old
in
daycare
recently
developed
ability
to
roll
a
ball
back
&
forth
w/
an
adult.
A
5yr
old
kindergartener
recently
developed
ability
to
draw
a
stick
figure
family
of
himself,
his
parents,
&
his
sister.
A
9yr
old
4th
grader
recently
developed
ability
to
shoot
baskets
consistently
on
school
playground.
