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Wall Street Prep Accounting-Exam with complete solutions Graded A+

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Wall Street Prep Accounting-Exam with complete solutions Liquidity Ratios measures of a firm's short-term ability to meet its current obligations Profitability Ratios measures of a firm's profitability relative to its assets (operating efficiency) and to its revenue (operating profitability...

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  • April 17, 2024
  • 16
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Wall Street Prep Accounting-Exam with
complete solutions
Liquidity Ratios
measures of a firm's short-term ability to meet its current obligations


Profitability Ratios
measures of a firm's profitability relative to its assets (operating efficiency) and to its revenue
(operating profitability)


Activity Ratios
Measure of efficiency of a firm's assets


Solvency Ratios
Measure of a firm's ability to pay its obligations


Inventory Turnover
COGS / avg inventory


Receivables Turnover
revenue / average accounts receivable


DSO (Days Sales Outstanding)
AR/Credit Sales * days in period
days in period/receivables turnover


A/P turnover
COGS / Average A/P


PPP (payables purchasing period)
days in period/ Accounts payable turnover


Current Ratio
current assets/current liabilities


Quick ratio (acid test)
Cash and AR divided by current liabilities


Gross profit margin
gross profit/revenue


operating margin
operating profit/revenue

,net profit margin
net income/revenue


asset turnover
revenue/ average assets


return on assets (ROA)
Net Income / Average Assets


return on equity (ROE)
net income/ total equity


Basic EPS
(Net Income - Preferred Dividends)/(Weighted Average of Shares Outstanding)


Diluted EPS
diluted net income / weighted average diluted shares outstanding


dividend yield
dividends/net income


debt to EBITDA
Total Debt/EBITDA


interest coverage ratio
EBIT/ interest expense


fixed charge coverage
(EBIT + Lease charges)/(Interest Payments + Lease charges)


Debt to Total Assets
Total Debt/Total Assets


debt to equity
total liabilities/total equity


cash from operations (CFO)
uses net income as a starting point and converts accrual base net income into cash flow from
operations via a series of adjustments


cash from investing activities (CFI)
capital expenditures / asset sales and purchases

, cash from financing activities (CFF)
new borrowing / pay down of debt / new issuance of stock / share repurchases / issuance of
dividends


working capital
-CFO
-increase in current assets = cash outflow
-increase in current liabilities = cash inflow


asset write downs / impairments
-added back to CFS via CFO


Increases in A/R, inventory, prepaid expenses, other current assets should be _____________ net
income to get to CFO
subtracted


increases in A/P, accrued expenses, other current liabilities should be ____________ net income to
get to CFO
added


gains on sale of assets
subtracted from CFO


stock based compensation
added to CFO


Common CFI inflows/outflows
- capital expenditures
- purchases of intangible assets
+ asset sales
+ sales of debt/ equity security
- purchases of debt/equity security


Common CFS inflows/outflows
-Issuance / repayment of debt (cash inflow / outflow)
-Common stock issued / repurchased (cash inflow / outflow)
-Payment of common & preferred dividends (cash outflow)


Assumptions of Accounting
accounting entity, going concern, measurement, periodicity


principles of accounting
1. Historical Cost
2. Revenue Recognition
3. Matching Principle
4. Full Disclosure

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