,
,Chapter 01: Overview of Perinatal and Pediatric Nursing in Canada
Keenan-Lindsay: Leifer’s Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing in Canada,
1st Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A patient chooses to have a registered midwife (RM) provide care during her pregnancy and
for her labour. What does the RM’s scope of practice include?
a. Independent comprehensive practice
b. Prenatal care only
c. Attendance at only low-risk births
d. Only present for home births
ANS: A
The RM provides comprehensive independent prenatal, labour, and postpartum care for up
to 6 weeks, for women who are low risk. Births may occur in hospital or at home. RMs are
regulated health professions who have a 4-year university degree.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7 OBJ: 3
TOP: Collaborative Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
2. Which organization is responsible for the Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI) in Canada?
a. World Health Organization (WHO)
b. Breastfeeding Committee for Canada (BCC)
c. UNICEF
d. Public Health Agency of NCU
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ANS: B
The BCC is responsible for BFI designation in Canada. The BCC has developed the BFI 10
Steps and WHO Code Outcome Indicators for Hospitals and Community Health Services,
which sets the international standards for the WHO/UNICEF global criteria within the
Canadian context.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: 3 | 9
TOP: The Past KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
3. A pregnant woman who has recently immigrated Canada comments to a nurse, “I am afraid
of childbirth. It is so dangerous. I am afraid I will die.” What is the best nursing response
reflecting cultural safety?
a. “Maternal mortality in Canada is extremely low.”
b. “Anesthesia is available to relieve pain during labour and childbirth.”
c. “Tell me why you are afraid of childbirth.”
d. “Your condition will be monitored during labour and birth.”
ANS: C
Asking the patient about her concerns helps promote understanding and individualizes
patient care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 7
, TOP: Culturally Safe Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
4. An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What information
does this provide?
a. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year
b. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than 500 g per 10,000 births per year
c. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
d. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
ANS: D
The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 8 OBJ: 10
TOP: Statistics KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
5. What is the focus of current perinatal care?
a. Hospital births for the majority of women
b. The traditional family unit
c. Care in a labour room and then a birthing room
d. A high-quality family experience for each patient
ANS: D
Current maternity practice focuses on a high-quality family experience for all families.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 7 | 8 OBJ: 2 | 8
TOP: Perinatal Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
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6. Which organization offers certification for nurses in specialty areas?
a. CNA
b. CAPWHN
c. CANN
d. CAPN
ANS: A
The Canadian Nurses Association offers certification exams for registered nurses in
specialty areas including perinatal, community, neonatal, and pediatric intensive care.
CAPWHN, CANN, and CAPN are specialty organizations for nursing groups in Canada.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 10 OBJ: 2 | 3
TOP: Nursing Certification KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
7. Which of the following requires self-reflection and discovery in order to provide care that is
culturally appropriate?
a. Cultural safety
b. Cultural awareness
c. Cultural humility
d. Cultural competence
ANS: C
, Cultural humility is the precursor to providing culturally appropriate care. It is a process of
self-reflection and discovery to understand one’s own assumptions, biases, and values and
how one’s background and social environment have shaped one’s experience
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 1 | 7
TOP: Cultural Humility KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
8. In 2015, the WHO developed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). What issues do
the new SDG’s include that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) did not include?
a. Climate change and environmental protection
b. Combating HIV and malaria
c. Eradicating poverty and hunger
d. Achieving universal primary education
ANS: A
Climate change and environmental protection are new goals of the SDGs. All other options
are part of the MDGs
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 13 OBJ: 16
TOP: Sustainable Development Goals KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
9. What guidelines define multidisciplinary patient care in terms of expected outcome and
timeframe from different areas of care provision?
a. Clinical pathways
b. Nursing outcome criteria
c. Standards of care
d. Nursing care plan NURSINGTB.COM
ANS: A
Clinical pathways, also known as critical pathways or care maps, are collaborative
guidelines that define patient care across disciplines. Expected progress within a specified
timeline is identified.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Health Care Delivery Systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
10. A nursing student has reviewed a hospitalized pediatric patient chart, interviewed her
mother, and collected admission data. What is the next step the student will take to develop
a nursing care plan for this child?
a. Identify measurable outcomes with a timeline.
b. Choose specific nursing interventions for the child.
c. Determine appropriate nursing diagnoses.
d. State nursing actions related to the child’s medical diagnosis.
ANS: C
The nurse uses assessment data to develop appropriate nursing diagnoses. Outcomes and
interventions are then developed to address the relevant nursing diagnoses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 10
TOP: Nursing Process
, KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis
11. A nursing student on a maternal–newborn rotation questions the floor nurse about the
definition of the practical nurse scope of practice. What resource can the nurse suggest to
the student?
a. Canadian Nurses Association
b. Provincial regulatory board
c. Federal government
d. Canadian Association of Perinatal & Women’s Health Nursing
ANS: B
The scope of practice of the practical nurse is determined by the provincial board of nursing.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 2
TOP: Standards of Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
12. Which social determinant of health (SDOH) is specifically related to Indigenous people’s
health?
a. Colonization
b. Education
c. Social support networks
d. Employment and working conditions
ANS: A
All of the SDOH are important but the impact of colonization is related specifically to
Indigenous people’s health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 3 OBJ: 6
TOP: Social Determinants of Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
13. How does the clinical pathway or critical pathway improve quality of care?
a. Lists diagnosis-specific implementations
b. Outlines expected progress with stated timelines
c. Prioritizes effective nursing diagnoses
d. Describes common complications
ANS: B
Critical pathways outline expected progress with stated timelines. Any deviation from those
timelines is called a variance.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 13
TOP: Critical Pathway KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
14. How does electronic charting ensure comprehensive charting more effectively than
handwritten charting?
a. Provides a uniform style of chart
b. Requires certain responses before allowing the user to progress
c. All documentation is reflective of the nursing care plan
d. Requires a daily audit by the charge nurse
ANS: B
, Comprehensive electronic documentation is ensured by requiring specific input in
designated categories before the user can progress through the system.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 14
TOP: Computerized Documentation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
15. The nurse reminds family members that the philosophy of family-centred care is to provide
control to the family over health care decisions. What is the appropriate term for this type of
control?
a. Empowerment
b. Insight
c. Regulation
d. Organization
ANS: A
The term empowerment refers to the control a family has over its own health care decisions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 6 OBJ: 13
TOP: Empowerment KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
16. What is one major advantage to the application of critical thinking?
a. Problem-free care
b. Limitation of approaches to care
c. Decreased need for assessment
d. Problem prevention
ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM
Critical thinking results in problem prevention in designing nursing care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 11
TOP: Critical Thinking KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
17. Practical nursing students are discussing developing nursing diagnosis in post conference on
the acute care clinical setting. The students are aware that the role of the practical nurse with
nursing diagnosis formulation is what?
a. To initiate and identify nursing diagnosis specific to patient
b. To update changes in nursing diagnosis as needed
c. To have an understanding of nursing diagnosis terminology
d. To accurately document nursing diagnosis on patient plan of care
ANS: A
The practical nurse is responsible for initiating nursing diagnosis specific to patients.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 11 | 12 OBJ: 11
TOP: Nursing Process
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis
TRUE/FALSE
1. The term morbidity refers to the rates of illness within a population within a time frame.
, ANS: T
Morbidity rates show the incidence of disease in a specific population during a certain time
frame.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 8 OBJ: 1
TOP: Statistics KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. What are some of the reasons that Indigenous people have poorer health outcomes? (Select
all that apply.)
a. Residential schools
b. Lack of clean water
c. Lack of understanding of modern medicine
d. Remote geographical locations
e. Fragmented healthcare funding
ANS: A, B, D, E
There are many reasons for poorer health outcomes for Indigenous people although their
lack of understanding of modern medicine is not one. Health care providers often have a
lack of Indigenous traditional therapies that are used to enhance health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 6 | 7 OBJ: 6
TOP: Indigenous Peoples Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Data Collection
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2. What developments in the early 20th century encouraged women to seek hospitalization for
childbirth? (Select all that apply.)
a. Use of specialized obstetric instruments
b. Use of anesthesia
c. Physicians’ closer relationships with hospitals
d. Focus on family-centred care
e. Insurance coverage
ANS: A, B, C
In the early 1900s, the development of specialized obstetric instruments, better modes of
anesthesia, and the physician’s reliance on hospital services were instrumental in
encouraging women to seek hospitalization for childbirth.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Hospitalization for Childbirth KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
3. What non–family-centred policies were prevalent in the 1960s? (Select all that apply.)
a. Waiting room for fathers
b. Sedation of mother during labour
c. Delay of reunion of mother and infant
d. Lenient visiting hours
e. Restrictions of visitations by minor children
ANS: A, B, C, E
, Hospital policies in the 1960s provided a separate waiting room for fathers while the mother
went through labour in a sedated state on her own. The reunion of mother and infant was
delayed for several hours because of the sedation. Visiting hours were rigid and disallowed
the visitation of minor children.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Family-centred Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
4. A nurse is aware that there is a legal responsibility to report certain diseases and conditions
to the public health authorities. Which would be included? (Select all that apply.)
a. Tuberculosis
b. Child abuse
c. Industrial accidents
d. Sexually transmitted infections
e. Foodborne infections
ANS: A, B, D, E
The nurse has a legal responsibility to report communicable diseases (such as tuberculosis
and sexually transmitted infections), foodborne infections, child abuse, and threats of
suicide.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 4
TOP: Reportable Diseases KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
5. Practical nursing students are using critical-thinking skills to study for an upcoming test.
What will these students include when studying? (Select all that apply.)
a. Memorization of facts firN stURSINGTB.COM
b. Prioritizing information
c. Relating facts to other facts
d. Making assumptions
e. Reviewing before the test
ANS: B, C
Using critical thinking when studying involves understanding facts before memorizing,
prioritizing information to be memorized, relating facts to other facts, using all five senses,
and reading critically. Critical thinking does not involve making assumption as does general
thinking.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 12 OBJ: 12
TOP: Critical Thinking KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
6. What are the pillars of the Medical Care Act of 1968? (Select all that apply.)
a. Comprehensive
b. Includes dental care
c. Able to travel between provinces
d. Covers everyone
e. Publicly administered
ANS: A, C, D, E
, All of the options except dental care are part of the Medical Care Act. Some provinces
include dental care, but it is not part of the Act.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: Medical Care Act KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
7. A home health nurse is providing specialized care to patients in the home setting. What kind
of specialized care may this nurse be providing? (Select all that apply.)
a. Glucose monitoring
b. Heparin therapy
c. Family therapy
d. Total parenteral nutrition
e. Provision of referral services
ANS: A, B, D
Glucose monitoring, heparin therapy, and total parenteral nutrition are categorized as
specialized care that may be provided by the home health nurse. Family therapy is a
specialized form of therapy that requires certification and providing referrals would be care
provided by advance practice nurses or physicians.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 11 OBJ: 15
TOP: Community Health KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
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