IB SEHS SL Option A Complete Answers
A.1.1: Distinguish between training, overtraining and overreaching. Training is performing exercise in
an organized manner on a regular basis with a specific goal in mind (cross reference with 6.2).
Overtraining is when an athlete attempts to do more train...
IB SEHS SL Option A Complete Answers A.1.1: Distinguish between training, overtraining and overreaching. ✅Training is performing exercise in an organized manner on a regular basis with a specific goal in mind (cross reference with 6.2). Overtraining is when an athlete attempts to do more training than he or she is able to physically and/or mentally tolerate. Overtraining results in a number of symptoms that are highly individualized. Overreaching is transient over -training. A.1.2: Describe various methods of training. ✅Strength and resistance training Circuit training Continuous training Cross -training Flexibility training Interval trainin g Fartlek training Plyometric Training A.1.3: Define and Discuss possible indicators of overtraining. ✅Overtraining: when an athlete attempts to do more training than they are physically or mentally capable of tolerating • Resting heart rate increases • Chronic muscle soreness is developed • Reduced immune function and frequent upper -respiratory tract infections (coughs and colds) • Sleep disturbance • Fatigue • Decreased appetite • Sudden and unexplained decrease in performance • Increased oxygen consu mption • Increased lactate levels at fixed workload A.1.4: Discuss how periodization should be organized to optimize performance and avoid overtraining and injury. ✅Periodisation is the organization of training throughout a season so that an optimal physi ological and psychological peak can be reached. In its simplest form periodization consists of 3 stages: •Resting Phase or Transition (Post season) •Pre -season (1) Preparation and (2) Pre competition •Competitive Season Micro cycle: Days Meso cycle: Weeks , Months Macro cycle: 6 -8 month span, Year span How one organizes training over a time frame of a year in order to reach peak at the desired time during the most important competition of their season. A.2.1: Explain the relationship between cellular me tabolism and the production of heat in the human body. (long AF) ✅The production of heat in the human body • All energy originates from the sun as light energy • Chemical reaction in plants convert light into stored chemical energy • We obtain energy by ea ting the plants or animals containing the energy • The body utilizes oxygen and food to produce energy - the reaction dependent on the mixture of macro and micro nutrients in the presence of oxygen • energy metabolism is controlled by many hormones including: insulin, glucagon, adrenaline and growth hormones • Basal metabolic rate: amount of energy expended daily at rest, release of this energy is sufficient only for basic daily routine Definition : Cellular metabolism (metabolic rate) are the chemical reactions taking place in human cells which are responsible for the maintenance of life
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