BIO 240 EXAM 2 UofL Questions With Correct Solutions

All of an organism's chemical reactions. - Answer-Metabolism Take large things like food and break them down to form energy. (Making energy) - Answer-Catabolic Pathway Take building blocks to make your large cells (Using energy) - Answer-Anabolic Pathway The capacity to cause change. - Answer-Energy The energy of motion. - Answer-Kinetic Energy The energy of reactions. - Answer-Chemical Energy True or False: Energy exists in various forms. - Answer-True The energy of the universe is constant, you can't make or destroy energy only transfer and transform it. - Answer-The first law of Thermodynamics During every energy transfer some energy is lost to heat. This is connected to entropy. - Answer-The second law of thermodynamics The drive toward disorder/a measure of disorder. - Answer-Entropy The portion of a system's energy that can preform work. - Answer-Free Energy True or False: Spontaneous reactions require energy? - Answer-False How is free energy measured? - Answer-In Delta GIf something has a negative delta g the reaction is ____________. - Answer-Spontaneous How is delta g calculated? - Answer-Energy of Products - Energy of Reactants A spontaneous reaction can also be called a __________ reaction. - Answer-Exergonic When the energy of the product is higher than the energy of the reactants it is known as a __________ reaction. - Answer-Endergonic What are the three kinds of work that are preformed? - Answer-Transport, Mechanical, and Chemical What is transport work? - Answer-Moving things in and out of the cell. What is mechanical work? - Answer-Moving things around the cell. What is chemical work? - Answer-Metabolism (or chemical reactions). What do cells use to be able to complete work? - Answer-Energy Coupling The use of an exergonic process to drive and endergonic one is called? - Answer-Energy Coupling What is ATP composed of? - Answer-Ribose, Adenine, and Three Phosphate Groups. Where is the energy located in ATP? - Answer-The last phosphate bond. When you increase the level of energy of reactants before you decrease to the energy of your products this is called..... - Answer-Activation EnergyActivation energy is decreased, and the reaction goes faster when you add what? - Answer-An Enzyme What binds to an enzyme? - Answer-Substrate What is enzyme specificity? - Answer-An enzyme only accepts specific substrates. When a molecule fits into enzymes active site and blocks the substrate from binding to an enzyme. - Answer-Competitive Inhibition When there is binding to the allosteric site on an enzyme and it changes the shape of the activation site. - Answer-Non-Competitive Inhibition What keeps cells from using more energy on something it already has a surplus of? - Answer-Feedback Inhibition Any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis as a source of energy, as most plants and certain bacteria and protists. - Answer-Autotroph An organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food. - Answer-Heterotroph Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between reactants. - Answer-Redox Reaction Loses electrons and hydrogen. - Answer-Oxidation Gains electrons and hydrogen. - Answer-Reduction