Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care Study Guide for CAROL R. TAYLOR, PhD, MSN, RN Center for Clinical Bioethics Professor of Nursing Georgetown University Washington, DC CAROL LILLIS, MSN, RN Faculty Emerita, Assistant to the Provost Delaware County Community College Media, Pennsylvania PRISCILLA LeMONE, DSN, RN, FAAN Associate Professor Emerita, Sinclair School of Nursing University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri Adjunct Associate Professor, College of Nursing Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio PAMELA LYNN, MSN, RN Instructor School of Nursing Gwynedd-Mercy College Gwynedd Valley, Pennsylvania MARILEE LeBON, BA Editor/Writer Brigantine, New Jersey Seventh EditionExecutive Acquisitions Editor: Carrie Brandon Senior Product Manager: Betsy Gentzler Editorial Assistants: Shawn Loht, Amanda Jordan Design Coordinator: Holly McLaughlin Illustration Coordinator: Brett MacNaughton Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc. 7th Edition Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 2008, 2005, 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at , or via our website at (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. ISBN: 978-0-7817-9386-5 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice. LWW.comPreface iii Marilee LeBon, in close consultation with the authors of the seventh edition of Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Nursing Care, has carefully developed this Study Guide. We recognize that beginning students in nursing must learn an enormous amount of information and skills in a short period of time. The Study Guide is structured to help you integrate the knowledge you have gained and begin to apply it to the practice of nursing. To help you accomplish this goal, the following types of exercises are provided in each chapter of the Study Guide. PRACTICING FOR NCLEX Multiple Choice Questions: Each chapter contains a section of multiple choice questions presented in the NCLEX-RN exam format. Alternate-Format Questions: The alternateformat-style questions for the NCLEX-RN exam include the types of questions described below. Several of these types are provided in each chapter to help you become familiar with this NCLEX format. They are: ■ Multiple Response Questions: questions with a detailed stem that require you to select more than 1 correct answer ■ Prioritization Questions: questions with a detailed stem that require you to place the options provided in the correct order ■ Hot Spot Questions: questions that require you to identify a specific area on an illustration or a graph ■ Fill-in-the-Blank Questions: questions that require you to perform a calculation that results in a very specific number answer ■ Chart/Exhibit Questions: multiple choice questions with a detailed stem that require you to review information in a chart or an exhibit in order to select the correct answer DEVELOPING YOUR KNOWLEDGE BASE These exercises group similar types of questions together to help you learn the information in a variety of formats. The types of questions included follow the same format in each Study Guide chapter, but not every type of question is used in each chapter. The format includes: ■ Fill-in-the-Blanks ■ Identification Questions ■ Matching Exercises ■ Correct the False Statements ■ Short Answer APPLYING YOUR KNOWLEDGE These questions challenge you to reflect on the critical thinking and blended skills developed in the classroom and apply them to your own practice of the art and science of nursing care. ■ Critical Thinking Questions: these questions offer an exciting and practical means to challenge the assumptions you bring to nursing and to “stretch” your application of new