Medical Embryology TOP Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Course
Medical Embryology
Institution
Medical Embryology
embryology definethe study of prenatal development of gametes, fertilization and
development of embryos and fetuses
what are the processes of human developmentdene regulation
differentiation
morphogenesis
gametogenesisformation of mature eggs and sprem (1N halpoid)
fertilizationfusing of spe...
Medical Embryology TOP Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers embryology defin e✔✔✔ the study of prenatal development of gametes, fertilization and development of embryos and fetuses what are the processes of human development ✔✔✔ dene regulation differentiation morphogenesis gametogenesis ✔✔✔ formation of mature eggs and sprem ( 1N halp oid) fertilization ✔✔✔ fusing of sperm and egg form a zygote ( 2N diploid) cleavage✔✔✔ rapid mitotic cell divisions of zygote (early embryo) to form the multicellilar embryo (blastula) morphogenesis ✔✔✔ gastrulation and neurulation that form initial germ laye rs and organogenesis in the 1st trimester the most __________ stages of development occur ✔✔✔ critical gametogenesis occurs ______________ fertilization ✔✔✔ before what are the 4 stages of gametogenesis ✔✔✔ 1) extraembryonic origin of PCGs and their migration to the gonads 2) an increase in number of PCGs by mitosis 3) an increase in chromosomal material by meiosis 4)structural and functional maturation of gametes (oog enesis, spermatogenesis) the first phase of gametogenesis is ______________ in males and females ✔✔✔ identical PGCs are... ✔✔✔ primordial germ cells are the earliest recognizable precursors of gametes arise outside the gonads migrate into gonads during earl y embryonic development PGC in humans are first recognizable at _______ days after fertilization ✔✔✔ 24 where are PGC located ✔✔✔ set aside in the endodermal layer of yolk sac )high glycogen and alkaline phosphatase content) -located in 16 -somite human embry o (midsagittal section) phase 1: origin of PGC pgc precursors originate in the ________________ prior to gastrulation, which requires ________________signaling. they then move toward ___________ where they are determined. PGCs then enter the embryo and mi grate to developing _____________(_________) ✔✔✔ epiblast inductive yolk sac gonads (genital ridges) the arduous journey of PGCs ✔✔✔ between 4 -6 weeks they exit yolk sac, enter hindgut epithelium and migrate through dorsal mesentary until they reach primordia of gonads PGC migration is tracked using ✔✔✔ alkaline phosphatase staining, an enzyme marker how do PGC migrate/move? and know where to go ✔✔✔ 1-ambeiod movements during initial migration 2-cytoplasmic processes link adjacent PGCs 3- chemoattractants secreted by genital ridges 4- migration by extending pseudopods (integrin -fibronectin interaction)
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