PNCB Practice Test Questions and Correct Answers

PNCB Practice Test Questions and Correct Answers What is the developmental stage and age range defined as experiencing the world through senses and actions? - ANSWER Piaget's Sensorimotor, Birth to 2 years What is the developmental stage and age range defined as representing things with words and images? - ANSWER Piaget's Preoperational, 2 to 6 years old What is the developmental stage and age range defined as thinking logically about concrete events and grasping concrete analogies? - ANSWER Piaget's Concrete Operational, 7 to 11 years old What is the developmental stage and age range defined as thinking about hypothetical scenarios and processing abstract thoughts? - ANSWER Piaget's Formal Operational, 12 to adulthood What age range is Piaget's Formal Operational? - ANSWER 12 to adulthood What age range is Piaget's Concrete Operational? - ANSWER 7 to 11 years old What age range is Piaget's Preoperational? - ANSWER 2 to 6 years old What age range is Piaget's Sensorimotor? - ANSWER Birth to 2 years old Describe independent play - ANSWER Common in ages 2-3 They are uninterested in or is unaware of what others are doing. They are playing alone and maintains focus on its activity. What stage of play is defined by playing alone and uninterested in or unaware of what others are doing? - ANSWER Independent play Describe Parallel Play - ANSWER Children play adjacent to each other, but don't influence each other's play. They are interested in what other children are playing, but plays alone. Ages 2-3, but can start after 1st birthday What stage of play is defined as interested in another's activity but playing along side them without influencing or interacting with them? - ANSWER Parallel play What differentiates Parallel play vs Associative play? - ANSWER Interaction. There is interaction with associative play, not with Parallel play. In Associative, th ere is interest but no coordinated activity. What type of head trauma is typically associated with vacuum deliveries? - ANSWER Subgaleal hemorrhage - ruptured emissary vein caused by fragmentation of the parietal bone associated with skull fracture. Can extend to the neck and orbits. May have crepitus, fluid waves and ill-defined borders A quad screen expected result for a child with down syndrome would read? - ANSWER Low levels of AFP What AFP level would you expect in a child with esophageal atresia? - ANSWER High An 8 month old infant presents with significant head lag, what are you suspicious of? - ANSWER Cerebral Palsy When is an infant expected to double it's birth weight by? - ANSWER 5 months? When is an infant expected to triple it's birth weight by? - ANSWER 1 year Pregnant Greeks and pregnant woman living in higher elevations should have their newborns followed for? - ANSWER higher risk of hyperbilirubinemia An indirect bili measures conjugated or unconjugated bili? - ANSWER unconjugated An infant presents with elevated total bili, what should you suspect? - ANSWER biliary atresia An infant assessment finds a cephalohematoma on exam, what should you monitor the child for? - ANSWER hyperbilirubinemia Which patient population has highest risk for hyperbilirubinemia? Asians, African Americans, Greeks? - ANSWER Asians and American indians have highest risk. African americans with G6PD deficiency are at greater risk, as is Greeks and people who live in higher elevations. A pregnant mother positive HIV presents to the hospital in labor, intact membranes at 38 weeks with an unknown viral load. She has had 3 ARV. What is the treatment plan? - ANSWER Patient with a viral load or unknown viral load, despite receiving 3 ARV, should have a c-section. What recurrent infection is commonly associated with HIV? - ANSWER oral thrush What is the treatment for Chlamydia Trachomatis conjuntivitis? - ANSWER Oral Azithromycin is preferred (20mg/kg/day in 1 dose) for 3 days or 40mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 14 days of erythromycin - eye drops do NOT work What is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the US? - ANSWER Chylamdia Trachomatis