IB Biology Year 1 Review with Complete Solutions

IB Biology Year 1 Review with Complete Solutions ecology the study of relationships between living organisms and between organisms and their environment ecosystem a system made up of organisms as well as the abiotic factors in the area population a group of organisms of the same species who live in the same area at the same time community a group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area species a group of organisms which can interbreed and produce fertile offspring habitat the environment in which a species normally lives or the location of a living organism autotrophs producers; they can make their own food heterotrophs consumers; they feed on ready made organic material detritivores organisms that feed on the detritus and decomposing organic material of living organisms saprotrophs decomposers; organisms that feed on dead organisms and products of living organisms carrying capacity the maximum number of organisms of a species, or the maximum population size which an environment is able to support random sample a sample where every individual in a population has an equal chance of being chosen trophic level Position in the food chain, determined by the number of energy-transfer steps to that level; a functional classification of taxa within a community that is based on feeding relationships standard deviation used to summarize the spread of values around the mean; Σ((X-X)²/n-1) species a group of organisms with similar characteristics, which can interbreed and produce fertile offspring evolution change in a gene pool of a species over a period of time organelle a discrete structure within a cell, and has a specific function magnification measure size of diagram ÷ actual size o