NUR 529 2024 Exam 1 (Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance) Questions And Revised Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 529
Institution
NUR 529
NUR 529 2024 Exam 1 (Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance) Questions And Revised Correct Answers
Urine osmolality - Answer -Reflects the kidney's ability to produce a concentrated or dilute urine based on serum osmolality and the need for water conservation or excretion.
tonicity - An...
Urine osmolality - Answer -Reflects the kidney's ability to produce a concentrated or dilute urine based on serum osmolality and the need for water conservation or excretion. tonicity - Answer -The ability of a solution surrounding a cell to cause that ce ll to gain or lose water. cells placed in a hypotonic solution - Answer -swell as water moves inside the cell cells placed in a hypertonic solution - Answer -shrink as water is pulled out of the cell Capillary/Interstitial Fluid Exchange - Answer -The t ransfer of water between the vascular and interstitial compartments occurs at the capillary level. excess fluid is removed from interstitium by the lymphatic system and returned to systemic circulation 4 forces that control movement of water between capi llary and interstitial spaces - Answer -1) capillary filtration pressure (pushes water out of the capillary into the interstitial spaces 2) capillary colloidal osmotic pressure (pulls water back into the capillary) 3) interstitial hydrostatic pressure (opp oses the movement of water out of the capillary) 4) tissue colloidal osmotic pressure (pulls water out of the capillary into the interstitial spaces) edema - Answer -palpable swelling produced by expansion of the interstitial fluid volume factors that co ntribute to edema - Answer -increases in capillary filtration pressure decrease in capillary colloidal osmotic pressure increases in capillary permeability obstruction to lymph flow conditions that cause increase in capillary pressurre - Answer -HF increased intravascular volume kidney disease premenstrual sodium retention pregnancy environmental heat stress thiazolidinedione therapy venous obstruction liver dbsease with portal vein obstruction acute pulmonary edema venous thrombosis decreased arte riolar resistance Ca-channel blocking drug response conditions that decrease colloidal osmotic pressure - Answer -increased loss of plasma proteins protein -losing kidney diseases extensive burns decreased production of plasma proteins liver disease starva tion, malnutrition conditions that increase capillary permeability - Answer -inflammation allergic reactions (hives) malignancy (eg ascites, pleural effusion) tissue injury and burns anasarca - Answer -generalized body edema, frequently the result of inc reased vascular volume lymphedema - Answer -edema bc of impaired lymph flow caused by disruption or malformation of the lymphatic system, develops as a result of high protein swelling in an area of the body tissue -level effects of edema - Answer -increases the distance for diffusion of O2, nutrients, and wastes more susceptible to injury and development of ischemic tissue damage (pressure ulcers) compresses blood vessels what causes pitting edema - Answer -accumulation of interstitial fluid exceeds the absorptive capacity of the tissue gel - water becomes mobile and be translocated with pressure exerted by a finger what causes non pitting edema - Answer -plasma proteins have accumuled in the tissue spaces a nd coagulated; seen most commonly in areas of localized infection or trauma and is firm and discolored how to assess edema - Answer -daily weight (same time each day in same amount of clothing), visual assessment, measurement of the affected part, applica tion of finger pressure to assess for pitting edema 1L water weighs 1 kg
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