CEN SAMPLE TEST EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS/ GRADED A+| latest update 2024/25|

CEN SAMPLE TEST EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS/ GRADED A+ Right ventricular infarction (RVI) lead changes - -II, III, AVF R ventricular infarction s/s - -clear breath sounds, hypotension, JVD. R ventricular dilation and dec contractility>> dec preload and CO Reperfusion therapy standard - -Within 60 min of ED arrival Common causes of PEA - -Hypoxia, tension pneumo, cardiac tamponade BNP as a marker - -of L ventricular dysfunction bc ventricles make BNP and an inc of over 100 pg/ml indicates symptomatic HF Transcutaneous pacing (TCP) - -A beat after every pacer spike is electrical capture. Beats are wide complex bc ventricle is paced. Palpate central pulse, pt may still be hypotensive w/ diminished or absent peripheral pulses. Preferred tx with symptomatic brady esp in pts with acute MI Wolff Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome - -shortened PR interval and widened QRS complex with a delta wave. When there is an extra electrical conduction path to heart causing electrical signal to arrive too soon at ventricle (pt presents in tachy) Brugada syndrome - -R bundle branch block with ST segment elevation in leads V1-V3 and inc risk of sudden cardiac death (SUDS), common in young men Wellen syndrome - -T wave changes plus history of anginal chest pain w/o serum marker abnormalities, EKG lacks Q waves and significant ST segment elevation. Assoc with critical proximal L anterior descending (LAD) artery stenosis Hypothermia associations - -With bradycardia, Osborne (J) waves and prolonged QT intervals Sick sinus syndrome - -Sinoatrial node (SA) the primary heart pacemaker is not functioning properly resulting in bradydysrythmias and/or tachydysrhythmias with potential for hypotension and syncope Morphine and nitrates for tx pulmonary edema - -Results in dec preload or dec venous return>> dec pulmonary congestion How to diagnose endocarditis - -Echocardiogram Pericardiocentesis - -For suspected pericardial effusion or tamponade Primary complication of bowel obstruction - -Dehydration Testicular referred pain is indicative of? - -Duodenal injury S/s pancreatitis - -Sharp, boring, epigastric pain, inc after eating and having alcohol Dx with abd CT scan