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ATLS WRITTEN REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE 100% SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
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ATLS WRITTEN REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE 100% SOLUTIONS GRADED A+ What is the primary goal of treating TBI? How is this done? preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining blood pressure and providing adequate profusion. After managing ABCDEs of TB...

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  • May 11, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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ATLS WRITTEN REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED

ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE 100% SOLUTIONS GRADED A+


What is the primary goal of treating TBI? How is this done?

preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining blood pressure and

providing adequate profusion.

After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST be identified if present? How is this

done?

mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is done with CT. NOTE:

obtaining a CT should not delay patient transfer to trauma center.

Which brain lobes do the following hold:

1. anterior fossa:

2. middle fossa:

3. posterior fossa:

1. anterior fossa: frontal lobes

2. middle fossa: temporal lobes

3. posterior fossa: lower brainstem and cerebellum

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

What does the dura mater adhere firmly to?

the skull. it is tough and fibrous

,What layer of the meninges splits into two leaves as specific sites to enclose

large venous sinuses? What do these sinuses do?

dura mater.

these sinuses provide major venous drainage from the brain.

What is the midline sinus of of the brain that splits into two sinuses: bilateral

transverse and sigmoid sinus? What side are these bigger on?

The main sinus enclosed by the dura major is the midline superior sagital sinus. This

splits into the sigmoid and bilateral transverse sinuses which are larger on the right side.

What are the arteries that lie between the skull and the dura mater (epidural

space)?

meningeal arteries.

What is the most commonly injured meningeal artery and where is it located?

middle meningeal artery.

Located over the temporal fossa

T/F: the arachnoid mater is fused to the dura mater?

FALSE: not attached. This produces a potential space for a subdural hematoma

In a subdural hematoma, what is the cause?

injury to bridging veins that extend from brain surface to the sinuses within the dura.

_______ fills the space between the arachnoid and pia mater?

CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord.

What location of brain hemorrhage is frequently seen in brain contusion or injury

to major blood vessels at base of brain?

subarachnoid.

, The ____ and _____ contain the reticular activating system which is responsible

for ____.

midbrain and upper pons

state of alertness

What important function resides in the medulla?

cardiorespiratory centers.

What important functions are in the following brain segments:

1. left hemisphere:

2. frontal lobe:

3. parietal lobe:

4. temporal:

1. left hemisphere: language center

2. frontal lobe: executive function, emotions, motor

3. parietal lobe: sensory function/spatial orientation

4. temporal: memory functions

What divides the brain into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments?

tentorium cerebelli. (tent over cerebellum)

What is the physiology behind a blown pupil?

blown pupil: dilation of pupil

-CN III runs along the tentorium cerebelli. parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupil

run along CN III (oculomotor). When temporal lobe is herniated, it can compress these

fibers. Unapposed sympathetic activity causes pupillary dilation.

What is the tentorial notch/hiatus

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