ISQS 2340 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS FOR PRACTICE EXAM 2 GRADE
A+ APPROVED 2024 UPDATE
What are the 4 factors to consider when determining whether or not something constitutes
fair use?
1. purpose and character of the use (commercial nature or non-profit educational nature)
2. nature of the copyrighted work
3. amount and sustainability of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
4. the effect of the use upon the potential market for, or value of, the copyrighted work
Define "Creative Commons"
a nonprofit organization that provides legal tools for artists and authors (helps with licensing)
Define "patent"
creates protection for someone who invents a new product or process
Define "trademark"
a word, phrase, logo, shape, or sound that identifies a source of goods or services
Name and define the 2 types of trademarks
1. common law trademark: "TM" next to trademarked item
2. registered trademark: has been examined, approved, and registered with the trademark office
(R with circle around it)
Define "privacy"
ability to control information about oneself
Define "NORA"
non-obvious relationship awareness
-process of collection large quantities of a variety of information and then combining it to create
profiles of individuals
Define "Do Not Track"
a technology and policy proposal that enables users to opt out of tracking by websites they do not
visit (including analytics services, advertising networks, and social platforms)
What is ______________ is not always ________________.
legal ; ethical
What does the term "ethics" mean?
-a set of moral principles
-the principles of conduct governing an individual or group
What does ethics have to do with information systems and information technologies?
as technology advances, so too do the ethical dilemmas surrounding it
What kinds of ethical dilemmas are faced in IT?
-*P*rivacy
-*A*ccuracy
-*P*roperty
-*A*ccess
Where can our ethical principles be drawn from?
-personal values
-cultural customs
, -religious principles
-laws and regulations
-codes of conduct/professional guidelines
-acceptable use policies
-social responsibility/goodwill
Define "acceptable use policy (AUP)"
what is/isn't allowed when someone is using an organization's services
Define "intellectual property"
property (idea, invention, or process) that derives from the work of the mind or intellect
Define "copyright"
the protection given to songs, computer programs, books, and other creative works where the
author of a work controls what can be done with their work
Define "fair use"
a limitation on copyright laws that allows for the use of protected works without prior
authorization in specific cases
Why do we need professional ethics?
because of the impact that our actions have on society as a whole
What might "proactively establishing a set of professional ethics" do for you?
it can help you navigate the complex interactions and relationships encountered in the workplace
What are the 8 principles for designing ethical technology?
1. *ought before can*
2. *non-instrumentalism*: never design technology in which people are merely part of the
machine
3. *self-determination*: maximize freedom of those affected by your design
4. *responsibility*: anticipate and design for all possible users
5. *net benefit*: maximize good, minimize bad
6. *fairness*: treat like cases in a like manner and different cases differently
7. *accessibility*: design to include the most vulnerable user
8. *purpose*: design with honesty, clarity, and fitness of purpose
"Artificial intelligence is a subfield of _____________________."
computer science
What is the overarching goal of AI?
to enable the development of computers that are able to do things normally done by people
Identify the 3 objectives for those working on building AI-based systems.
1. build systems that think exactly the same way that people can ("strong AI")
2. just get the job done and don't care if the computation has anything to do with human thought
("weak AI")
3. use human reasoning as a model that can inform and inspire but not as the final target for
imitation ("in-between" AI)
Give some real-life examples of "weak AI"
-IBM's Deep Blue (a system that was a master chess player but did not play the same way
humans do)
-voice response systems (Siri and Alexa)
-recommender systems (Netflix, Amazon, etc.)
Give a real-life example of "in-between" AI
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