552 EXAM 3 COMBINED SET EXAM GUIDE.

552 EXAM 3 COMBINED SET EXAM GUIDE.OCD- SYMPTOMS What are the common symptoms of OCD - correct answer SADOCK PG 423 OBSESSION: - contamination - pathological doubt. - somatic - need for symmetry - aggressive - sexual - other - multiple COMPULSIONS: - checking - washing - counting - needing to confess - symmetry and precision - hoarding - multiple comparisons COURSE OF ILLNESS TYPE: - continuous - deteriorative - episodic - not present - present. OCD-DIFFERENCE OBSESSION/COMPULSION Differentiate between an obsession and a compulsion - correct answer SADOCK 418 - Obsessions are thoughts or images that will not go away. An obsession is intrusive and normally seen as irrational, but the person with OCD is not able to stop or ignore these thoughts - compulsions are recurrent actions. Mostly these will be quite mild but in more extreme cases they may develop as a means for people to try to relieve themselves from their obsessive thoughts. OCD-PREVALENCE What is the prevalence of OCD - correct answer SADOCK 418 - Rates of OCD are fairly consistent with the lifetime prevalence in the general population estimated at 2-3%. Some researchers have estimated that the disorder is sound and as many as 10% of outpatient psychiatric clinics men and women are equally likely to be affected, but among adolescents, boys are more commonly affected than girls mean age onset is about 20 years. Although men are slightly earlier age onset will OCD-COMORBID CONDITIONS what arethe common comorbid psychiatric conditions in patients with OCD - correct answer SADOCK 418 - Major depressive disorder in about 67% social phobia in about 25% other diagnosis in patients with OCD include alcohol use disorders, generalized anxiety disorders, specific phobia, panic disorder, eating disorder, personality disorder, OCD exhibits a superficial resemblance to excessive compulsive personality disorder the incidence of Tourette's syndrome in patients with OCD is 5 to 7% and 20 to 30% of patients with OCD have a history of tics will OCD- RISK FACTORS what arethe risk factors for developing OCD. - correct answer SADOCK 418 - among adults, men and women are equally likely to be affected, among adolescents, boys are more commonly affected than girls. the mean age of onset is about 20 years. although men have a slightly earlier age of onset than women. overall the symptoms of about two thirds of affected persons have an onset before age 25 and the symptoms of fewer than 15 percent have a onset after age 35. the onset of the disorder can occur in adolescence or childhood in some cases as early as 2 years of age single persons are more frequently affected than married although this finding probably reflects the difficulty that persons has with the disorder have maintaining a relationship ocd occurs less often amonth lacksthan amonth whites . OCD-ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS What etiological factors have been attributed to the development of OCD - correct answer SADOCK 418-420 -*BIOLOGICAL FACTORS* -- Neurotransmitters --- Serotonergic systems many clinical drug trails that have been conducted support the hypothesis that dysregulation of serotonin is involved in the symptom formation of obsessions and compulsions in the disorder. Data show that serotoninergic drugs are more effective in treating OCD than drugs that affect other neurotransmitter systems but whether serotonin is involved in the cause of OCD is not clear. --- Noradrenergic systems less evidence exists for dysfunction in the noradrenergic system in OCD anecdotal reports show some improvement in OCD symptoms with use of oral clonidine. a drug that lowers the amount of norepinephrine released from the presynaptic nerve terminals.