NR507/ NR 507 Midterm Exam (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Advanced Pathophysiology | Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct |Grade A – Chamberlain Q: Scope of damage of SLE - Type 3 autoimmune response Answer: facial rash confined to cheeks (malar rash) discoid rash (raised patches, scaling) photosensitivity oral or nasopharyngeal ulcers hematologic disorders immunologic disorders non-erosive arthritis of at lease 2 peripheral joints serositis renal disorder neurologic disorder ANA Q: Autoimmune diseases can be ______ Answer: familial Q: Associations with particular autoimmune diseases have been identified for a variety of major ____________ or _____________ Answer: histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles or non -MHC genes Q: Alloimmunity Answer: AKA isoimmunity immune system of one individual produces a reaction against tissues of another individual Q: Alloimmunity examples Answer: -Neonatal disease where the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus -Transplant rejection -Transfusion reaction Q: Hypersensitivity: Type 4 Answer: T-cell mediated delayed response Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes Q: Hypersensitivity: Type 4 typical reaction Answer: localized contact dermatitis (symptoms usually occur a few days later) Q: Differentiating between type 1 and type 4 rash reactions Answer: Type I: IMMEDIATE hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis, are usually characterized by widely distributed lesions Type 4: contact dermatitis (DELAYED hypersensitivity) consists of lesions only at the site of contact with the allergen -Example: poison ivy Q: How to treat Type 4 hypersensitivity rash Answer: non-severe case of contact dermatitis: tx with topical corticosteroid Q: How to treat emergent Type 1 anaphylactic reactions Answer: epinephrine Q: Antihistamines act on _____________ Answer: H1 receptors Q: Primary immune deficiency Answer: congenital -caused generally by a genetic abnormality 60% of cases, symptoms within first 2 years of life Q: most primary immune deficiencies are the result of ______________ Answer: single gene defects Q: one of the most severe forms of primary immunodeficiency Answer: B-lymphocyte deficiency Q: secondary immune deficiency Answer: acquired -caused by illness, such as cancer or viral infection -caused by normal physiological changes, such as aging -more common than congenital Q: most common cause of secondary immunodeficiency worldwide Answer: malnutrition Q: most common symptom of immune deficiencies Answer: recurrent severe infections Q: hematopoiesis Answer:
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