1 / Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 2
1.type 1 diabetes: Diabetes of a form that usually develops during childhood or adolescence and is characterized by a severe deficiency of
insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
2.type 2 diabetes: Diabetes of a form that develops especially in adults and most often obese individuals and that is characterized by high blood glucose resulting from impaired insulin utilization coupled with the body's inability to compensate with increased insulin production.
3.Pathophysiology of diabetes: The pathophysiology of diabetes involves
plasm concentrations of glucose signaling the central nervous system to mobilize energy reserves. It is based on cerebral blood flow and tissue integrity, arterial plasma glucose, the speed that plasma glucose concentrations fall, and other available metabolic fuels. Low plasma glucose causes a surge in autonomic activity.
4.acromegaly: abnormal enlargement of the extremities. occurs in adults
5.hyperthyroidism: excessive activity of the thyroid gland- >thyroxine ØInsomnia, restlessness, tremor, irritability, palpitations, heat 2 / intolerance, diaphore-
sis, diarrhea, inability to concentrate that interferes with work performance; enlarged thyroid gland
ØIncreased basal metabolic rate leads to weight loss, although appetite and dietary intake increase.
6.hyperperathyroidism: Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive and secrete too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). This causes the levels of calcium in the blood to rise, a condition known as hypercalcemia.
7.childhood gigantism: pituitary gigantism when your child's pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin. if not treated they will have a lower life expectancy and weak limbs. risk of cardiomegaly and heart failure
8.hypothyroidism: A disorder caused by a thyroid gland that is slower and less productive than normal
ØDecreased basal metabolic rate
ØWeakness, lethargy, cold intolerance, decreased appetite ØBradycardia, narrowed pulse pressure, and mild/moderate weight gain ØElevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides 3 / ØEnlarged thyroid, dry skin, constipation ØDepression, difficulties with concentration/memory ØLoss of eyebrow
Menstrual irregularity
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