Evidence Base Practice Exam 2Latest Questions With Passed Solutions!!

1. A nurse you are working with complains that evidence based practice (EBP) results in a "cookbook approach" to caring for patients. What would you tell this nurse about evidence based practice? - a. EBP holds that research alone is never sufficient to make a clinical decision. 2. What is the role of qualitative research in evidence based nursing practice? - b. Qualitative designs are often best for questions regarding perceptions, meaning or beliefs. 3. All of the following are reasons for a nurse to consult research evidence except - c. The clinical unit consistently attains expected patient outcomes. 4. The Clinical Nurse Leader's (CNL) role in evidence based practice is to - c. Promote evidence based projects that will improve the functioning of a microsystem. 5. What is the first step in implementing evidence based nursing? - d. Define the patient problem precisely 6. Which of the following is true of background questions in defining a patient problem? Background questions are - b. Questions about foundational information needs 7. A nurse attempts to develop a clinical question in PICO format: "What is the effect of an ongoing pressure ulcer prevention program compared to the standard of care (e.g. turning every 2 hours) on signs of emerging pressure ulcers?" Which PICO component is missing? - c. Population 8. You are trying to decide what the research literature shows to be the most effective treatment for a Stage 3 pressure ulcer. Which intervention has the strongest level of evidence? - c. Intervention C, whose efficacy was demonstrated in a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. 9. You are trying to decide what factors will predict which children will be in full compliance with immunization recommendations by the time they enter kindergarten. The best study design to answer this question is a - c. SurveyAs a CNL you are trying to gain an understanding of the leadership, staffing, values, safety issues and interruptions that characterize work on your microsystem. Which of the 5 Ps are you assessing? - d. Processes 11. A meta-analysis is a special type of systematic review in which - d. The statistical results of more than one study are combined 12. Which of the following is false? Clinical Practice Guidelines - b. Never make explicit recommendations to influence what clinicians do. 13. You want to search a database that will allow you to primarily focus on individual research studies done in nursing. The database you would choose would be - a. CINAHL 14. You want to search a database that focuses primarily on systematic reviews. The database you would choose would be - c. The Cochrane Library 15. Truncation is a method of searching for a word with multiple endings. Which of the following is the truncation symbol used in CINAHL? - d. Asterisk * 16. You are working in a community health setting. You want to look up some information for a new educational program you are preparing. Why might you choose to use Pubmed rather than another database? - c. Pubmed is freely available to anyone who has internet access. 17. What is the best thing to do first when you are searching and can't find any relevant articles? - a. Use broader terms or more general free text terms. 18. Which of the following is true of a systematic review? - c. Only studies which use the same type of design can be included 19. You are appraising a systematic review on drug therapy for migraine headaches. Which of the following would you consider to be inappropriate? - c. Authors are affiliated with the manufacturer of the leading anti-migraine medication20. You are appraising a systematic review on drug therapy for migraine headaches. The authors state that a study by Jones et al. was eliminated because participants in the intervention study group were offered ice bags or heating pads during a migraine attack in addition to the medication. No such additional therapy was offered to the control group. This elimination by the review authors was appropriate because the study by Jones et al. had a problem with - b. Performance bias 21. You are collecting data on pressure ulcer rates in your institution. What rate measures the number of people in your population who have a pressure ulcer at a given point in time? - c. Prevalence 22. Which of the following is true about the change process? - a. The leadership behavior of "selling" is an important strategy for change. 23. According to Lewin, the change concept of unfreezing refers to: - a. development of a need for change 24. The CNL is given the responsibility to oversee the implementation of a new electronic health record. He realizes that working with the new computer system will be stressful for the staff nurses. He is also aware that the staff does not view this change positively, but he is hoping, when they begin using the new system they will see the benefits. He helps them survive the stress of change by: - a. providing opportunities for them to talk about the system and provide support for each other. 25. The CNL has been on the unit for several months and begins to talk to the staff about implementing a new fall prevention program. The change being proposed is one which the staff reports has been tried before and didn't work out because it didn't work with the workflow pattern of the unit and didn't seem to address the root of the fall problem. Given this information, the CNL knows that the innovation might not be successfully adopted because of which characteristic? - b. Compatibility 26. Which of the following activities would be part of Lewin's stage of refreezing? - c. Developing performance standards and policies regarding the change. 27. A new computer system has been installed for charting and care planning. Two of the nurses have been putting up serious resistance such as complaining to other nurses and reporting computer failure. Which action by the CNL might be helpful in dealing with their resistance? - c. Talk to the two nurses; find out the reasons for their opposition to the new system.28. You are the CNL for the ICU. You are trying to determine the probability that any new patient admitted to your unit will develop a blood stream infection. The most appropriate measure for you to consider is the - a. Incidence rate 29. The design of this study is - c. Quasi-experimental 30. The endpoint measured in this study was - a. Quality of life 31. The design of this study is - c. Quasi-experimental 32. A limitation of this study is that it lacks - c. A true control group that received no intervention. 33. The design of this study is - b. Qualitative 34. The size of this sample was determined by - d. It is impossible to tell 35. Which individual author's study demonstrated significant success of self-help interventions? - d. Sutton 1988b 36. When examining the pooled results, what can you conclude from the graph? - b. Self help interventions are statistically successful in achieving smoking cessation. 37. You are appraising a study in which the following statement appeared: "On day 1, parents found redness in 15 of 53 infants in the long-needle group compared with 36 of 57 infants in the short needle group (relative risk 0.45; 95% confidence interval 0.28 to 0.72). What can you conclude? - c. This is a statistically significant result. 38. For which of these measures does a result of one (1) indicate NO difference between groups? - b. Odds Ratio (OR)