1. No fewer than two, no more than five: Max and Min # of Main Points for
your speech
2. generate a list of ideas consistent with the goals of your speech
without critical evaluation initially: Meaning of brainstorming
3. Planning outline is the full content outline, speaker's notes are an
abbrevi- ated key word outline: Difference between planning outline and
speakers notes
4. Equality: Giving equal time to each point
Progressive: Using least important first, and most important last
Strongest point: Strongest point gets most amount of time: Progressive,
equal- ity, and strongest point patterns
5. chronological, past-present-future, step-by-step, spatial, cause and
effect, problem-solution, and topical: Different organization patterns
6. Transitions, internal previews and summaries,: Devices for creating
unity throughout a speech
7. Primacy: the first point will be the one most likely to be remembered
Recency: Last point is most recent in their mind and therefore most likely
to be remembered: Primacy/Recency theory
8. Focus attention on the topic and speaker.
Provide a motive for your audience to care about. your
speech Enhance your credibility as a speaker.
Preview your message and organization.: Quintillian's Rule for speech
introduc- tions
9. 1. Starting Fact/ Intriguing statement
2. Dramatic Story/Build Suspense
3. Quotation/Literature Reference
4. Humor
5. Rhetorical Question
6. Illustrations, examples and anecdotes
7. Physically involve the audience
8. Use a personal experience
9. Use a visual or media aid
10. Refer to the situation: Techniques for Introductions
10. 1. Thanking as a transition
2. Call to Action
3. Use a dramatic illustration
4. Closing with a quotation
5. Conclude with a metaphor
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