IOP TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

IOP TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Intraocular Pressure (IOP) - ANSWER- the fluid pressure inside the eye, is necessary to inflate the eye and maintain proper shape and optical properties of the globe, and is an important aspect in the evaluation of patients at risk from disease High Intraocular Pressure (IOP) - ANSWER- leads to optic nerve damage (glaucoma) Low Intraocular Pressure (IOP) - ANSWER- indicates a "sick" eye from disease, inflammation, or injury Proper Shape and Optical Properties of the Globe - ANSWER- are maintained by inflation of the eye via IOP Ciliary Body - ANSWER- epithelium lining the ciliary processes that secretes aqueous at a rate of 2.5-2.75 μL/min Aqueous - ANSWER- is secreted by the ciliary body, flows from the posterior chamber to the anterior chamber, and drains outer through the trabecular meshwork to Schlemm's canal and the uveoscleral pathways Tonometry - ANSWER- the method we use to measure IOP (screens for glaucoma) Glaucoma - ANSWER- when the pressure in the eye is too high for the eye and damage occurs to the optic nerve with resultant characteristic field loss (can occur with high or normal pressures and is the number 1 cause of irreversible blindness) mmHg - ANSWER- unit which most tonometers are calibrated to measure IOP Glaucoma Treatment Options - ANSWER- eye drops, oral medication, surgery, discrete IOP measurements Glaucoma Challenges - ANSWER- infrequent pressure recordings, eye pressure fluctuates, slow assessment of treatments 10-21 mmHg - ANSWER- normal IOP range 21 mmHg - ANSWER- upper limit of normal IOP 5-7% - ANSWER- percent of the population who have normal IOP exceeding 21 mmHg 98% - ANSWER- percent of the normal population who have a difference in IOP between their eyes of less than 4 mmHg 4 mmHg - ANSWER- amount of IOP asymmetry between eyes that suggests pathology Long Term Influences on IOP - ANSWER- genetics and family history, age, gender, race, refractive error, seasonal variation