EXSS 288 Exam 3 with A Grade Solutions

EXSS 288 Exam 3 with A Grade Solutions 5 Key Factors of Mass Casulties - Answer-early command decisions, requesting additional resources early, knowing the distance to exit, initial search, and triage/treatment Incident Command System - Answer-important in MCI events to effectively manage many resources Triage Officer - Answer-supervises the initial triage, tagging and moving of patients to designated treatment areas Treatment Officer - Answer-sets up a treatment area and supervises medical care, ensuring triage order is maintained and changes the order if patients deteriorate and become eligible for a higher triage category Transportation Officer - Answer-arranges for ambulances or other transport vehicles while tracking priority, identity and destination of all injured or ill people leaving the scene Staging Officer - Answer-releases and distributes resources as needed to the incident and works to avoid transportation gridlock Safety Officer - Answer-maintains scene safety by identifying potential dangers and taking action to prevent them from causing injury to all involved Role of the First Responder - Answer-MCI involves more victims, size up the scene, determine who needs to be extricated, determine where there is access, and take charge Triage - Answer-done by triage officer, use color system Color system of triage - Answer-black - expectant, red - immediate care, yellow - delayed care, green - walking wounded Expectant and Immediate Victims - Answer-Attempt to open and clear the airway twice, If breathing has been restored place unconscious victim in recovery position, Tag victim Immediate (Red), If no breathing after two attempts to open the airway: Triage = Black/Expectant Active Shooter - Answer-An active shooter is an individual activelyengaged in killing or attempting to kill people ina populated area Stop the Bleed - Answer-Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and tourniquet Burns - Answer-special kind of soft tissue injury, may break the skin Burns are classified by their source - Answer-thermal, chemicals, electricity, and radiation Severity of a burn depends on... - Answer-temperature of the source, length of exposure, location of burn, size of burn, and patient age, and mecial condition Burn Severity - Answer-first degree - superficial, second degree - partical thickness, third degress - full thickness, and fourth degree burns What is classified as a critical burn? - Answer-large area covered, respiratory, from chemical/explosion, burn to mouth nose head face neck hands etc., burns in a child or elderly person Care for Thermal Burns - Answer-check the scene, primary assessment, call 911, cool and cover the burn, minimize the risk and symptoms of shock To care for chemical burns - Answer-call 911, flush the brun with cold water, If the chemical is dry or powdered... - Answer-brush the chemical from the skin, flush the residue, and remove contaminated clothes If chemicals are in the eyes... - Answer-flush affected eye with water, try to prevent the chemical from getting into an unharmed eye Signs of an electrical injury inlude - Answer-unconsciousness, dazed, obvious burns on the skin's surface, trouble breathing, To care for a victim of an electrical burn... - Answer-make sure the scene is safe, check for other hazards, call 9aa, check for life-threatening conditions, cover burn injuries with dressing, and take steps to minimize shock To care for a victim of a radiation burn caused by the sun: - Answer-cool the burn, prevent further damage, do not break blisters. Environmental Stress - Answer-adversely impact an athlete's performance an pose serious health threats Simply put, hyperthermia is an increase in body temperature... - Answer-may be within or outside of normal range, this is our area of conver Thermal load on the body generated internally or externally... - Answer-muscle and environment Hyperthermia Concerns has many variables... - Answer-temperature, weather, humidity, and hydration Heat stress - Answer-our body will attempt to maintain a physiological temperature that is safe for function Four Main Factors Affecting Body Temperature - Answer-conductive heat exchange, convective heat exchange, radiant heat exchange, and evaporative heat loss Conductive Heat Exchange - Answer-direct physical contact with an object Convective Heat Exchange - Answer-contact with air and water Radiant Heat Exchange - Answer-heat from sunshine caused an increase in body temperature Evaporative Heat Loss - Answer-sweat glands in skin transport water to the surface Effects of humidity - Answer-relative humidity of 65% impairs evaporation, relative humidity of 75% stops evaporation How do we prevent heat illness? - Answer-monitoring heat index, appropriate hydration, and gradual acclimaization Heat Index - Answer-combines air temperature and relative humidity to determine the human-perceived equivalent temperature What is used to determine the heat index? - Answer-wet bulb globe temperature (wgbt) Dehydration - Answer-when the loss of water and salts is more than is replenished Dehydration Signs and Symptoms - Answer-thirst, dry mouth, headaches, dizziness, lethargy, excessive fatigue, poor skin turgor Dehydration can lead to the following problems... - Answer-cramps, headaches, feer, vomiting, hallucinations, death Types of Dehydration - Answer-mild - less than 5%, moderate - 5-10%, and severe 10- 15% Dehydration Activity - Answer-athletes greatly increase their water loss and need to increase water intake Monitoring Dehydration - Answer-establish hydration protocol, determine individual sweat rate, and monitor urine color Maintain Proper Hydration - Answer-athletes should begin all exercise sessions well hydrated emphasize continual fluid replacement Strategize for Avoiding Dehydration - Answer-hyperhydration 1 pint 15-30 minutes prior to exercise, post-exercise rehydration ideally completed within 2 hours Susceptible Indivudals to Hyperthermia - Answer-large muscle mass, overweight, sex, age, fitness level, fever Gradual Acclimatization - Answer-preseason conditioning program, progressive exposure Heat Illess from least severe to most severe - Answer-heat syncope, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke