NUR 606 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

why does cancer frequently metastasize to the lungs because the venous return and lymphatics bring tumor cells from distant sites in the body to the heart and then into the pulmonary circulation what are three common sites of metastasis from the lung brain, bone, liver what are pleural effusion, hemothorax, and pneumothorax common secondary to lung tumors when they are located on the lung peripheral they cause inflammation or erosion of the pleural membrane what does smoking do on a cellular level? causes metaplasia, ciliated columnar epithelium is changed to squamous cell epithelium. what causes hemoptysis in lung cancer tumor errodes tissue name three potential complications to aspiration aspiration/chemical pneumonia - alveoli are involved in the inflammation due to liquids (predisposes to infection) respiratory distress syndrome: if inflammation is widespread Pulmonary abscess: if microbes are in the aspirate solvents may be dissolved into blood for systemic effects what is the incidence of lung cancer third most common cancer in the US, more in men, esp black men. what is sleep apnea thin pharyngeal tissues collapse during sleep leading to repeated and momentary cessation of breathing complications of sleep apnea type 2 diabetes pulmonary hypertension right sided CHF, CVA, erectile dysfunction, depression, daytime sleepiness What is extrinsic asthma? Asthma that is caused by substances outside the body, such as pollen, dust, food additives. - called a type one hypersensitivity to inhaled antigen what is intrinsic asthma Nonimmune Causes - virus, air pollutants, aspirin or nonsteroidal drug sensitivity, stress, exercise, cigarette smoke