TEST BANK
Introductory Clinical Pharmacology
12th Edition by Susan Ford, Chapters 1 - 54
, Introductory Clinical Pharmacology 12th Edition Susan Ford Nursing Test Bank
Contents
Unit 1 Nursing Foundation of Clinical Pharmacology
1 General Principles of Pharmacology
2 Administration of Drugs
3 Making Drug Dosing Safer
4 The Nursing Process
5 Client and Family Teaching
Unit 2 Drugs Used to Fight Infections
6 Antibacterial Drugs: Sulfonamides
7 Antibacterial Drugs That Disrupt the Bacterial Cell Wall
8 Antibacterial Drugs That Interfere With Protein Synthesis
9 Antibacterial Drugs That Interfere With DNA/RNA Synthesis
10 Antitubercular Drugs
11 Antiviral Drugs
12 Antifungal and Antiparasitic Drugs
Unit 3 Drugs Used to Manage Pain
13 Nonopioid Analgesics: Salicylates and Nonsalicylates
14 Nonopioid Analgesics: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Migraine Headache
Medications
15 Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists
16 Anesthetic Drugs
Unit 4 Drugs That Affect the Central Nervous System
17 Central Nervous System Stimulants
18 Antidementia Drugs
19 Antianxiety Drugs
20 Sedatives and Hypnotics
21 Antidepressant Drugs
22 Antipsychotic Drug
Unit 5 Drugs That Affect the Peripheral Nervous System
23 Adrenergic Drugs
24 Adrenergic Blocking Drugs
25 Cholinergic Drugs
26 Cholinergic Blocking Drugs
Unit 6 Drugs That Affect the Neuromuscular System
27 Antiparkinson Drugs
28 Antiepileptics
,29 Skeletal Muscle, Bone, and Joint Disorder Drugs
Unit 7 Drugs That Affect the Respiratory System
30 Upper Respiratory System Drugs
31 Lower Respiratory System Drugs
Unit 8 Drugs That Affect the Cardiovascular System
32 Diuretics
33 Antihyperlipidemic Drugs
34 Antihypertensive Drugs
35 Antianginal and Vasodilating Drugs
36 Anticoagulant and Thrombolytic Drugs
37 Cardiotonic and Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Unit 9 Drugs That Affect the Gastrointestinal System
38 Upper Gastrointestinal System Drugs
39 Lower Gastrointestinal System Drug
Unit 10 Drugs That Affect the Endocrine System
40 Antidiabetic Drugs
41 Pituitary and Adrenocortical Hormones
42 Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs
43 Male and Female Hormones
44 Uterine Drugs
Unit 11 Drugs That Affect the Urinary System
45 Menopause and Andropause Drugs
46 Urinary Tract Anti-Infectives and Other Urinary Drugs
Unit 12 Drugs That Affect the Immune System
47 Vaccines
48 Immunostimulants and Immunomodulators
49 Immune Blockers
Unit 13 Drugs That Fight Cancer
50 Traditional Chemotherapy
51 Immune Modulating Therapies
Unit 14 Drugs That Affect Other Body Systems
52 Skin Disorder Topical Drugs
53 Otic and Ophthalmic Preparations
54 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Parenteral Therapy
,1 General Principles of Pharmacology
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about
pharmacology. When describing this topic, the instructor would focus the discussion on
which of the following as an essential aspect?
A) Drug name
B) Drug class
C) Drug action
D) Drug source
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their action on living organisms. Thus, an
essential aspect of pharmacology is drug action. An understanding of the drug name,
drug class, and drug source is important, but the most critical aspect related to
pharmacology is how the drug acts in the body.
2. A nursing student is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a patient. The student
reviews information about the drug and its actions. Which of the following would be the
best choice for obtaining this information? Select all that apply.
A) Nursing instructor
B) Nurse assigned to the patient
C) Clinical drug reference
D) Prescribing health care provider
E) Clinical pharmacist
ANSWER: C, E
Feedback:
Although the nursing student can ask the nursing instructor, the nurse assigned to the
patient, and the prescribing health care provider for information about the drug, the best
choices for drug information would include an appropriate drug reference and the clinical
pharmacist.
3. When describing the various types of medications to a group of nursing students, a
nursing instructor would identify which of the following as a source for deriving
medications? Select all that apply.
A) Plants
B) Synthetic sources
C) Mold
D) Minerals
E) Animals
ANSWER: A, B, C,
D, EFeedback:
Medications are derived from natural sources, for example, plants, molds, minerals, and
animals, as well as created synthetically in a laboratory.
,4. Which of the following names may be assigned to a drug during the process of
development? Select all that apply.
A) Chemical name
B) Official name
C) Pharmacologic name
D) Trade name
E) Nonproprietary name
ANSWER: A, B, D, E
Feedback:
Throughout the process of development, drugs may have several names assigned to them
including a chemical name, a generic (nonproprietary) name, an official name, anda trade or
brand name.
5. A drug may be classified by which of the following? Select all that apply.
A) The chemical type of the drug's active ingredient
B) The way the drug is used to treat a specific condition
C) The generic name of the drug
D) The trade name of the drug
E) The nonproprietary name of the drug
ANSWER: A, B
Feedback:
A drug may be classified by the chemical type of the active ingredient or by the way it is
used to treat a particular condition. Generic, trade, and nonproprietary refer to how a drug
is named.
6. A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the process of drug
development in the United States. The students demonstrate understanding of this
process when they identify that which of the following categories are assigned by the
Food and Drug Administration to newly approved drugs? Select all that apply.
A) Metabolite
B) Noncontrolled substance
C) Prescription
D) Nonprescription
E) Controlled substance
ANSWER: C, D, E
Feedback:
Once drugs are approved for use, the FDA assigns the drug to one of the following
categories: prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substance. Metabolite refers tothe
inactive form of the drug. Noncontrolled substance is a term that is not used.
,7. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do to ensure the safe
use of prescription drugs in the institutional setting? Select all that apply.
A) Administering drugs
B) Monitoring clients for drug effects
C) Prescribing drugs
D) Evaluating clients for toxic effects
E) Educating clients/caregivers about drugs
ANSWER: A, B, D, E
Feedback:
In the institutional setting, the nurse's role to ensure safe use of prescription drugs includes
administering drugs, monitoring drug effects, evaluating for toxic effects, andeducating
clients and caregivers about drugs.
8. The nurse is helping a client review a prescription from the health care provider. When
examining the prescription, which of the following would the nurse expect to find
documented? Select all that apply.
A) Name of the drug
B) Dosage of the drug
C) Route of drug administration
D) Times of drug administration
E) Licensed prescriber's signature
ANSWER: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback:
The prescription must contain the client's name, the name of the drug, the dosage, the
method and times of administration, and the signature of the licensed health care
provider prescribing the drug.
9. After teaching a group of nursing students about nonprescription drugs, the nursing
instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify whichof
the following? Select all that apply.
A) They require a licensed health care provider's signature.
B) They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs.
C) They can be taken without risk to the client.
D) They have certain labeling requirements.
E) They should be taken only as directed on the label.
ANSWER: B, D, E
Feedback:
Nonprescription drugs are often referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. They do
not require a prescription (a licensed health care provider's signature) but do not come
without risk to the client. The federal government has imposed labeling requirements of
OTC drugs and they should only be taken as directed on the label unless under the
supervision of a health care provider.
,10. A nursing student is reviewing information about the Controlled Substances Act of
1970. The student would expect to find which of the following as being regulated for
drugs classified as controlled substances? Select all that apply.
A) Manufacturing
B) Elimination
C) Distribution
D) Formulation
E) Dispensing
ANSWER: A, C,
E Feedback:
The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 regulates the manufacture, distribution, and
dispensing of drugs classified as controlled substances. Elimination refers to the
excretion of drugs from the body, a pharmacokinetic activity. The act does not address
formulation of the drug.
11. When reviewing information about the Orphan Drug Program, which of the following
would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.
A) The program encourages the development and marketing of products to treat rare
diseases.
B) The program grants provisional approval with a written commitment from the
drug company to formally demonstrate client benefits.
C) The program provides for incentives, such as research grants, protocol assistance,
and special tax credits, to develop products to treat rare diseases.
D) The program grants 7 years of exclusive marketing rights to the manufacturer if
approved.
E) The program accelerates approval of drugs based on preliminary evidence before
formal demonstration of client benefits.
ANSWER: A, C, D
Feedback:
The Orphan Drug Program encourages the development and marketing of products used
to treat rare diseases. The program provides incentives to encourage manufacturers to
develop orphan drugs, and if approved, the manufacturer has 7 years of exclusive
marketing rights. Accelerated programs involve provisional approval and approval based
on preliminary evidence.
,12. After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor
determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the
following as a phase? Select all that apply.
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Administration
D) Metabolism
E) Excretion
ANSWER: A, B,
D, EFeedback:
The pharmacokinetic phases are absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
The acronym ADME is a helpful way to remember the pharmacokinetic phases.
13. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed an oral medication.As
part of the plan, the nurse expects to describe the importance of absorption. The nurse
would integrate knowledge of which of the following as a mechanism for absorption in
the gastrointestinal tract? Select all that apply.
A) Active transport
B) Transposition
C) Passive transport
D) Endocytosis
E) Pinocytosis
ANSWER: A, C,
E Feedback:
During absorption, the drug particles in the GI tract are moved into the body fluids viaactive
transport, passive transport, and pinocytosis.
14. After teaching a group of nursing students about the half-life of a drug, the instructor
determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the
following as true? Select all that apply:
A) Half-life can be decreased in clients with renal disease.
B) Half-life can help determine dosing frequency.
C) Half-life does not change throughout a client's life.
D) Liver disease can increase half-life.
E) Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body.
ANSWER: A, C
Feedback:
Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body, and any
difficulty in excreting a drug increases half-life, including liver or kidney disease or
advanced age.
,15. A nurse is assessing a client after administering a prescribed medication. Which of the
following would alert the nurse to suspect that the client is developing anaphylactic
shock? Select all that apply.
A) Bradycardia
B) Hypertension
C) Dyspnea
D) Urticaria
E) Angioedema
ANSWER: C, D,
E Feedback:
The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are dyspnea, feeling of fullness in the throat, cough,
wheezing, extremely low blood pressure, tachycardia (heart rate >100 bpm), palpitations,
syncope, cardiac arrest, urticaria, angioedema, pruritus, sweating, nausea,vomiting, and
abdominal pain.
16. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug response in
children and infants? Select all that apply.
A) Slower gastric emptying
B) Greater surface area
C) Less protein binding
D) Decreased body water content
E) Less cutaneous fat
ANSWER: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics.
Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less
cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and
immature hepatic and renal function.
17. The FDA established a safety information and adverse events reporting program called
MedWatch. Which individuals can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on
drugs, devices, or dietary supplements? Select all that apply.
A) Physicians
B) Nurses
C) Patients
D) Pharmacists
E) Caregivers
ANSWER: A, B, C,
D, EFeedback:
Anyone can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on drugs, devices, or
dietary supplements.
, 18. A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to a client. The nurse integrates
knowledge of which of the following as a possible factor that could influence the drug
response? Select all that apply.
A) Age
B) Polypharmacy
C) Weight
D) Sex
E) Disease
ANSWER: A, B, C, D, E
Feedback:
Drug response can be influenced by the following factors: age, polypharmacy, weight,sex,
disease, and genetics.
19. A nurse is assessing a client and notes that the client has developed swelling of the eyelids
and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. The nurse interprets thisfinding as
specifically indicating which of the following?
A) Mild allergic reaction
B) Anaphylactic shock
C) Angioedema
D) Drug idiosyncrasy
ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Angioedema is a type of allergic drug reaction manifested by the collection of fluid in the
subcutaneous tissues, most commonly affecting the eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat.Allergic
reactions can be manifested by a wide range of signs and symptoms such as itching, rashes,
and hives. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction that requiresimmediate medical
attention. Drug idiosyncrasy describes any unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug, one that
is different from the one normally expected.
20. Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education
Act (DSHEA)? Select all that apply.
A) The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
B) The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
C) The act permits general health claims.
D) The act permits curative health claims.
E) The act defines specific substances as “dietary supplements.”
ANSWER: B, C, E
Feedback:
The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other
natural substances as “dietary supplements” and permits general health claims aslong as
the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by the FDA
and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act gives the
FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
