Microbiology 2117 First Exam Review 300+
Questions With Correct Answers 2024 Latest
Update
Name three domains in the classification of living organisms: - ANSWER---
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Which domains have prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? - ANSWER---
prokaryotic: bacteria and archaea; eukaryotic: eukarya
Which organelles does a prokaryotic cell have? - ANSWER---non membranous
like ribosomes
Which domain do fungi, protozoa, and helminths belong to? - ANSWER---
eukarya
What are the characteristics of fungi? - ANSWER---fungi: single celled (yeasts)
or multicellular (molds). Eukaryotic cells that are heterotrophic. Fungal
diseases may involve the respiratory track, skin, or even systemic infections.
What are the characteristics of protozoa? - ANSWER---unicellular organisms,
eukaryotic. Cause a number of GI diseases such as Giardiasis, amoebic
dysentery.
What are the characteristics of helminths? - ANSWER---not really microbes-
considered animals. Include organisms like tapeworms, flukes, or
roundworms that attack different organs.
, Microbiology 2117 First Exam Review 300+
Questions With Correct Answers 2024 Latest
Update
What is a virus made of? - ANSWER---DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein
coating. It is a non living thing that must have a host. they grow by changing
the metabolism of the cell they invade.
Explain the theory of spontaneous generation. Who is given credit for disproving it
and how did he do it? - ANSWER---Spontaneous generation theory believed
that living things could come from non living things. Pasteur disproved it by
developing a flask where air could enter but microorganisms could not.
Scientist given credit for first observing microorganisms under a microscope -
ANSWER---Leeuwenhook
Scientist who used phenol as antiseptic - ANSWER---Lister
Scientist who emphasized hand washing as a way to reduce the number of cases of
childbed fever - ANSWER---Semmelweis
Scientist who heated wine to around 60 degrees to reduce microorganism growth -
ANSWER---Pasteur
Developed postulates to prove a causative agent of a disease - ANSWER---Koch
Koch's four postulates: - ANSWER---1. agent found in every case 2. isolated in
pure culture 3. inoculation should produce same disease in another healthy
subject 4. should be able to isolate organism again from diseased animal.
Scientist who discovered penicillin - ANSWER---Fleming
, Microbiology 2117 First Exam Review 300+
Questions With Correct Answers 2024 Latest
Update
Scientist who developed small pox vaccination - ANSWER---Jenner
Name four emerging infectious diseases: - ANSWER---1. MRSA 2. H1N1 3.
SARS 4. West nile encephalitis
Infectious disease - ANSWER---A disease that is caused by a pathogen and that
can be spread from one individual to another.
How large are bacteria typically? - ANSWER---0.5-2 um
How large is a RBC? - ANSWER---6-8 um
How large are viruses? - ANSWER---5-300 nm
What is a micrometer? - ANSWER---unit of measurement used to measure
bacteria
Which has better resolving power- an electron microscope or light microscope? -
ANSWER---electron microscope
What does resolution mean? - ANSWER---whether two objects can be
distinguished as separate objects under the microscope.
, Microbiology 2117 First Exam Review 300+
Questions With Correct Answers 2024 Latest
Update
What is the difference between bright field microscopy and dark field microscopy?
- ANSWER---bright field: light is transmitted directly through the specimen
and around it. dark field: light is reflected at an angle- not directly through
the specimen.
What size images can be seen with an electron microscope? - ANSWER---less
than 1 um
What is the difference between scanning and transmission electron microscopy? -
ANSWER---scanning: 3d images on surface ; transmission: inside of cells (less
than 1um)
Explain why the resolution is higher using an electron microscope than using a
bright field microscope - ANSWER---since it uses beams of electrons versus
light waves, you can see images of less than 1 um- 0.2 um
What are the disadvantages of electron microscopy? - ANSWER---magnifies only
the external surface of specimen and requires a vacuum so the specimens are
dead.
What is a smear? - ANSWER---thin film of bacteria on a slide
Why do you have to "heat fix" bacteria? - ANSWER---it attaches the
microorganisms to the surface of the slide
What type of charge does a simple stain have? Why? - ANSWER---positive-
because they are cations.
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