ATI RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL PROCTORED EXAM 2023/2024 VERSION (NGN) WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 250 Q & A Question 1 A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total hip replacement. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to prevent dislocation of the prosthesis? 1. Place a wedge pillow between the client's legs. 2. Position the client supine with the head of the bed elevated. 3. Turn the client from side to side every 2 hours. 4. Encourage the client to bend at the waist. Answer: 1. Place a wedge pillow between the client's legs. Question 2 A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect to find? 1. Increased serum potassium. 2. Decreased serum phosphate. 3. Increased hemoglobin. 4. Decreased serum creatinine. Answer: 1. Increased serum potassium. Question 3 A nurse is teaching a client about lifestyle changes to manage hypertension. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching? 1. "I will reduce my sodium intake to less than 2 grams per day." 2. "I can continue to drink alcohol as long as I limit it to weekends." 3. "I should aim to exercise at least 30 minutes a week." 4. "I don't need to lose weight if my BMI is under 30." Answer: 1. "I will reduce my sodium intake to less than 2 grams per day." Question 4 A nurse is assessing a client with pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? 1. Bradycardia 2. Hyperresonance on percussion 3. Dullness to percussion 4. Decreased fremitus Answer: 3. Dullness to percussion Question 5 A client is admitted with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for this client? 1. Massage the affected limb. 2. Encourage early ambulation. 3. Apply warm, moist compresses to the affected limb. 4. Place the client in a Trendelenburg position. Answer: 3. Apply warm, moist compresses to the affected limb. Question 6 A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? 1. Mix all medications together to administer at once. 2. Crush enteric -coated medications before administration. 3. Flush the NG tube with 30 mL of water before and after medication administration. 4. Administer medications without pausing the continuous tube feeding. Answer: 3. Flush the NG tube with 30 mL of water before and after medication administration. Question 7 A client with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following preoperative orders should the nurse question? 1. Administer the client's usual morning dose of insulin. 2. Hold metformin 48 hours before surgery. 3. Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours. 4. Administer an IV infusion of 5% dextrose in water (D5W). Answer: 1. Administer the client's usual morning dose of insulin. Question 8 A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? 1. Encourage the client to eat small, frequent meals. 2. Administer opioid analgesics for pain relief. 3. Provide a diet high in carbohydrates and low in protein. 4. Position the client flat on their back. Answer: 2. Administer opioid analgesics for pain relief. Question 9 A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? 1. Change the ostomy pouch daily. 2. Apply a moisturizing lotion to the peristomal skin. 3. Teach the client to avoid foods that can cause gas. 4. Irrigate the stoma with 500 mL of tap water. Answer: 3. Teach the client to avoid foods that can cause gas. Question 10 A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing dyspnea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? 1. Administer a bronchodilator. 2. Place the client in high -Fowler's position. 3. Check the client's oxygen saturation. 4. Encourage the client to perform pursed -lip breathing. Answer: 3. Check the client's oxygen saturation. Question 11 A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with heart failure who is prescribed a low -sodium diet. Which of the following food choices indicates that the client understands the teaching? 1. Canned soup 2. Fresh vegetables 3. Processed cheese 4. Pickled vegetables Answer: 2. Fresh vegetables Question 12 A client is receiving chemotherapy and has a low neutrophil count. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement? 1. Limit fresh fruits and vegetables in the client's diet. 2. Encourage visitors to come often. 3. Administer live vaccines. 4. Use a rectal thermometer for temperature monitoring. Answer: 1. Limit fresh fruits and vegetables in the client's diet. Question 13
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