HOSA Pathophysiology 2024 Study Guide

HOSA Pathophysiology 2024 Study Guide abduct - ️️ - move an arm or leg away from the body abruptio placentae - ️️ - detachment of the placenta from the uterus before birth; often results in severe bleeding ablation - ️️ - excision or removal abscess - ️️ - a localized collection of pus surrounded by swollen tissue acetabulum - ️️ - the cup-shaped cavity in which the ball-shaped head of the femur articulates; hip socket achalasia - ️️ - failure of the esophagogastric sphincter to relax with swallowing acholic - ️️ - pale or clay-colored; this type of stool usually results from problems in the biliary system acidemia - ️️ - a decreased pH of the blood; increased hydrogen ion concentration acidosis - ️️ - a pathologic condition resulting from an abnormal increase in the level of hydrogen ions in the body (decrease in pH), resulting from the accumulation of acid or loss of the alkaline reserve acute abdomen - ️️ - an abdominal condition of sudden onset, accompanied by pain resulting from intraabdominal inflammation or infection acyanotic - ️️ - absence of a bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes adenocarcinoma - ️️ - a cancerous tumor arising from glandular tissue adenoma - ️️ - a benign neoplasm in which cells are derived from glandular epithelium adenosarcoma - ️️ - a cancerous gland-like tumor, such as Wilms' tumor adenovirus - ️️ - a virus pathogenic to humans that causes conjunctivitis, upper respiratory infection, cystitis, or GI infection; may persist in lymphoid tissue in latent period of the infection adnexal - ️️ - pertaining to accessory organs or tissues; an appendage(s) agglutination - ️️ - the clumping of antigens with antibodies or of the red blood cells from one type of blood with the red blood cells of another type aggregation - ️️ - the coming together of entities such as platelets, blood cells, or diseases agranulocytosis - ️️ - a condition of the blood marked by a sudden decrease in the number of granulocytes (a type of white blood cell); occurs in lesions of the throat or other mucous membranes or as a side effect of the administration of certain drugs or radiation alkalosis - ️️ - excessive alkalinity of body fluids allergen - ️️ - an antigenic su