ACS Chemistry Final Exam 2, General
Chemistry 2 ACS Final Review, ACS-
Chemistry 2
What is the most complete and best description of a covalent bond? - Answer>>A system of two nuclei where each atom donates one electron to the other atom, thus forming a bond
What is not a characteristic of ionic substances? - Answer>>Their reactions are generally extremely slow.
Characteristics of Ionic Substances - Answer>>-They conduct an electric current when fused.
-Those having a common ion exhibit some similar chemical properties.
-They lower the vapor pressure of water when dissolved in it.
-They raise the boiling point of water when dissolved in it.
The addition of a catalyst in a chemical reaction - Answer>>Provides an alternate path with a different activation energy.
What procedure will lower the activation energy for a particular reaction? - Answer>>adding a catalyst
What's an accurate description of the behavior of a catalyst? - Answer>>A catalyst reduces the activation energy for a reaction
and increases the rate of a reaction.
What exactly do Catalysts do? - Answer>>Alter the pathway (mechanism) of a chemical reaction. Which group of ions can exist together in water solution in moderate concentration? - Answer>>K+, Cl-, Na+, NO3-
In which process is entropy decreases in what process? - Answer>>freezing water
When equal volumes of 0.1 M solutions of HCl and NaOH are mixed, the total number of ions
present will be approximately - Answer>>Half as great as before
Ion - Answer>>An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge.
A species of an element in which the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons.
Energy of a photon is greatest in case of a - Answer>>x-rays.
Photon - Answer>>A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy. A discrete amount.
packet of energy whose quantity is related to the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation
Regions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum (from highest frequency
to lowest inversely related to wavelength) - Answer>>Gamma, X-ray, Ultra-violet, visible light, Infrared, Microwave, Radio
The higher the frequency, the ______ the photon energies. - Answer>>higher
Elements with ____ ionization readily lose electrons to form positive ions. high/low - Answer>>low
Elements with ____ electron affinity ready accept electrons to form negative ions. - Answer>>high
TRUE/FALSE
Do these two match up?
low ionization energy + high electron affinity - Answer>>TRUE.
molarity - Answer>>moles of solute/Liters of solution; mmols/mL
What is a Polar Molecule? - Answer>>A molecule that is mostly
positive on one side and mostly negative on the other.
Hydrogen Bonding - Answer>>When hydrogen is attracted to electronegative atoms.
Coordinate Covalent Bonding - Answer>>A covalent bond in which the two electrons derive from the same atom; occurs most often between Lewis acids and bases.
Formal charge - Answer>>V - N - (B/2) where V = total valence e⁻, N = non-bonding e ⁻, and B = bonding e ⁻.
Combustion of a Hydrocarbon - Answer>>CxHy + (x + y/4)O ₂ → xCO₂ + y/2H₂O
Limiting Reagent - Answer>>The component of a chemical reaction that will be completely used up first.
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