GEOG 1111 Stan Hopkins UGA Test 1 Study Guide Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated)

GEOG 1111 Stan Hopkins UGA Test 1 Study Guide Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated) GEOGRAPHY - answeris the study and analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of phenomena on the Earth's surface, and the underlying processes which cause the observed pattern.* Where are these phenomena, what is their pattern, but more importantly, *why is the pattern the way it is, what causes it.* Five Fundamental Themes of Geography: (LPMRH) - answerLocation Place Movement Regions Human-Earth Relationhships Five Fundamental Themes of Geography: Location 2 types - answerLocation can be both absolute and relative. It is the spatial component of geography, the being concerned with where things are. absolute: latitude & longitude, or GPS coordinates relative: comparing one location to another by the distance between them as measured in either time or miles (kms) Five Themes of Geography: Place - answerPlace refers to those characteristics that make a location unique. EX: What makes Athens, GA different from Athens, OH. Five Themes of Geography: Movement - answerMovement is the what, how, where and why of the diffusion of organisms and physical events across the Earth's surface. EX: The migration of people, a hurricane, etc. Five Themes of Geography: Regions - answerRegions refers to the study of areas with uniform or similar cultural and/or physical characteristics. EX: North America vs. South America, etc. Five Themes of Geography: Human- Earth Relationship - answerHuman-Earth Relationships looks at the *impacts of the environment on people & their impact on the environment.* It is the relationship between human societies & their environment. EX: The impacts of deforestation, human pollution, agriculture, etc.; the relationship between the environment & human technological development. 3 Main Sub-disciplines or areas in Geography: HTP - answerPhysical Geography: (non- human-made patterns) Biogeography, Geomorphology, Climatology, Hydrogeography, Soils geography Human/Cultural Geography: (human-made patterns) Economic, Political, Historical, Cultural, Urban, Population, etc. Techniques: (the tools of geography) Cartography, Remote Sensing,Aerial Photography, Geographic Information Systems/Science (GIS) Who is considered to be one of the first geographers? - answerEratosthenes, a Greek who lived from 275 to 195 B.C., is considered one of the first "geographers". What did Eratosthenes do for the physical geography field? - answerHe measured the polar circumference of the Earth. * He became an accomplished cartographer or map-maker. * He developed the idea of environmental zones based on temperature (Tº). Who is considered by some to be the father of modern physical geography and is credited with bringing the scientific study to physical geography? - answerAlexander von Humboldt, (), considered by some the "father" of modern physical geography. Who developed the Theory of Continental Drift which later became part of the theory of Plate Tectonics? - answerAlfred Wegner (), Who developed another climate classification system based on the principle of water balance, precipitation & potential evapotranspiration? - answerCharles Thornthwaite (), Who developed the Fujita Scale for measuring the intensity of tornadoes? - answerTetsuya Theodore Fujita (), Who developed, along with Herbert Saffir, the Saffir-Simpson Scale for measuring hurricane intensity? - answerRobert Simpson (), developed, along with Herbert Saffir, Atmosphere - answeris the thin gaseous veil which surrounds the Earth. Hydrosphere - answeris all the water above, on, and in the Earth in all three (3) states (solid, liquid, gas), freshwater, saline (saltwater),and in-between. Lithosphere - answeris the Earth's crust and a portion of the upper mantle. Biosphere - answerall the living organisms of the planet and the interconnections between them and their physical environment SYSTEMS: 2 types - answerIt's common to study "systems" or all the factors influencing an area or particular phenomena. EX: a fluvial (river) system, a thunderstorm or hurricane system, an ecosystem, etc. Open System - answerIs where the boundaries or interfaces between parts of the system AND other systems allows for the free transfer of energy and matter across them. EX: a weather system, river drainage system, an ecosystem