Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What is synchronization in the context of operating systems?
Answer: Synchronization is a mechanism to control the access of multiple threads or processes to shared resources, preventing race conditions, ensuring data consistency, and coordinating process interactions.
2.
What are race conditions?
Answer: Race conditions occur when multiple threads or processes read and write shared data concurrently, and the final result depends on the order of execution.
3.
What is a critical section?
Answer: A critical section is a part of the code that accesses shared resources and must not be concurrently accessed by more than one thread or process.
4.
What are the three requirements for solving the critical section problem?
Answer: The three requirements are Mutual Exclusion, Progress, and Bounded Waiting.
5.
What is mutual exclusion?
Answer: Mutual exclusion ensures that only one thread can be in the critical section at a time.
6.
What is the difference between a lock and a semaphore?
Answer: A lock is a simple synchronization mechanism that can lead to problems like deadlocks, while a semaphore is more versatile, allowing multiple threads to access the resource up to a certain count.
7.
What are binary semaphores and counting semaphores?
Answer: Binary semaphores function like locks (0 or 1), whereas counting semaphores allow a specified number of threads to access the resource.
8.
What are monitors in synchronization?
Answer: Monitors are higher-level synchronization constructs that provide a convenient and safer way to handle concurrency, combining mutual exclusion and condition variables.
9.
What is a condition variable?
Answer: A condition variable is used within monitors to allow threads to wait for certain conditions to be met.
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