CPSC 355 Exam Review questions and answers, 100% accurate, verified.
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Course
CPSC
Institution
CPSC
CPSC 355 Exam Review questions and answers, 100% accurate,
verified.
A basic computer system consists of: - -Central Processing Unit (CPU)
System Clock
Primary Memory
Secondary Memory
Peripheral devices
Bus
What is the the purpose of the CPU? - -Executes instructions
Controls the transfer...
CPSC 355 Exam Review questions and answers, 100% accurate, verified. A basic computer system consists of: - ✔✔-Central Processing Unit (CPU) System Clock Primary Memory Secondary Memory Peripheral devices Bus What is the the purpose of the CPU? - ✔✔-Executes instructions Controls the transfer of data across the BUS What are the 3 main parts of the CPU? - ✔✔-Control Unit (CU) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Registers What is the Job of the CU? - ✔✔-- Directs the execution of instructions What is the Job of the ALU? - ✔✔-Preforms arithmetic and logical operations on data stored in registers What are Registers? - ✔✔-Are binary storage units within the CPU What are general -purpose registers? - ✔✔-Used to temporarily hold data and addresses The Program Counter(PC)? - ✔✔-Contains the address in memory of the currently executing instruction The Status Register? - ✔✔-Contains information(flags) about the results of a previous instruction What is the System Clock? - ✔✔-Generates a clock signal to synchronize the CPU and other clocked devices iMac(2016) - 3.2 GHz Raspberry Pi - 700 MHz What is Primary Memory? - ✔✔-Is Random Access Memory that is volatile and is used to store program instructions and program data What is a Bus? - ✔✔-Is a set of parallel data/signal lines used to transfer information between computer components 3 types of Bus? - ✔✔-Address Bus - Specifies memory location in RAM Data Bus - Used for bidirectional data transfer Control Bus - Used to control or monitor devices conne cted to the bus What is Secondary Memory? - ✔✔-Is used to hold a computer's file system Is non -volatile read/write memory Usually embodied on a hard disk drive (HDD) What are peripheral I/O Devices? - ✔✔-Allow communication between the computer and the e xternal environment Examples of input Devices - ✔✔-Keyboard Pointing devices Microphone Scanner Examples of output devices - ✔✔-Monitior Printer Speakers Examples of I/O devices - ✔✔-HDD Modem Connection to networks Where do operands for an instruction come from? - ✔✔-The accumulator register (ACC) and from a single location in RAM What is the typical program sequence? - ✔✔--Load registers from memory -Execute an instruction using two source registers, putting the re sult into a destination register -Store the result back into memory What is a RISC architecture - ✔✔-Reduced Instruction Set Computer - Uses only simple instruction that can be executed in one machine cycle - Machine instructions are always the same size What is a CISC architecture? - ✔✔-Complex Instruction Set Computer - May have instructions that take many cycles to execute - Machine instructions vary in length, and may be followed by "immediate" data - add: 1 cycle - mul: 5 cycles - div: 40 cycles What is an Instruction Cycle? - ✔✔-Also called the fetch -execute or fetch -decode -execute cycle 1. Fetch the next instruction from memory into the IR 2. Increments PC to point to the next instruction 3. Decode the instruction 4. If the instruction uses an operand in RAM, calculate its address 5. Fetch the operand (4 and 5, repeat if necessary) 6. Execute the instruction 7. If the instruction produces a result that is stored in RAM, calculate its address (6 and 7, repeat necessary) 8. Store the result What is the basis of Assembly Language Programs? - ✔✔--Consists of a series of statements, each corresponding to a machine instruction - Each statement consists of an opcode and a variable number of operands What are assemblers? - ✔✔-Translate assembly source code into machine code
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