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WSU Biology 315 Exam 1
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WSU Biology 315 Exam 1
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WSUBiology
315
Exam
1
Anatomy
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-The
study
of
the
structure
of
the
human
body
Dissection
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-"I
cut
up"
Prosection
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-"Already
cut
up"
Anatomical
Terminology
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Based
on
ancient
Greek
or
Latin
-Provides
standard
nomenclature
worlwide
Branches
of
Anatomy
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Gross
anatomy
(visible
to
naked
eye;
muscles,
bones,
organs)
2.
Microscopic
anatomy
(histology)
3.
Developmental
anatomy
(embryology)
4.
Comparative
anatomy
(correspondence
of
form)
5.
Functional
morphology
(correlate
form
with
specific
function)
Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Chemical
level
2.
Cellular
level
3.
Tissue
level
4.
Organ
level
5.
Organ
system
6.
Organism
Chemical
Level
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Atoms
form
molecules
a)
Elements
of
life:
C,
H,
O,
N,
S,
Ca,
and
P
b)
Macromolecules
of
life:
carbohydrates,
proteins,
fats
(lipids),
and
nucleic
acids
Cellular
Level
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Cells
and
their
functional
subunits
a)
Organelles:
perform
specific
cell
function
Tissue
Level
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Group
of
cells
performing
a
common
function -4
primary
tissue
types:
epithelial,
connective,
nervous,
muscle
Organ
Level
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-A
discrete
structure
made
up
of
more
than
one
tissue
Organ
System
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Organs
working
together
for
a
common
purpose
Organism
(Hierarchy
of
Structural
Organization)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-The
result
of
all
simpler
levels
working
in
unison
Cells
in
the
Body
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Over
100
trillion
cells
in
human
body
-252
identified
types
of
cells
-Cells
must
carry
out
all
processes
necessary
for
survival
of
the
cell
plus
each
cell
must
perform
specific
functions
required
for
survival
of
organism--NO
SLACKERS
-Differentiation
Differentiation
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Process
by
which
cells
become
specialized
to
perform
specific
functions
Cell
Differentiation
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Differentiation
results
from
altered
gene
expression
in
response
to
locally
produced
molecules
-Undifferentiated
cells
=
stem
cells
Two
Categories
of
Stem
Cells
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Embryonic
stem
cells
2.
Tissue
specific
stem
cells
Embryonic
Stem
Cells
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Pluripotent
(can
become
any
type
of
adult)
-Totipotent
cell
(=
zygote,
first
few
cell
divisions)
can
become
any
cell
including
placenta
Tissue
Specific
Stem
Cells
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Partially
specialized,
found
in
many
adult
tissues Tissue
Engineering
Accomplishments
Using
Stem
Cells
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-a)
Engineered
skin
patches
are
being
used
to
treat
burn
victims
b)
Lab
grown
cartilage
grafts
are
already
in
use
c)
Tissue
engineered
urinary
bladders
have
been
successfully
transplanted
into
humans
d)
Tissue
engineered
supports
for
nerve
regeneration
are
being
tested
in
animals
e)
Progress
has
been
made
in
growing
complex
organs
like
liver
and
pancreas
Organ
Systems
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Collection
of
organs
that
work
together
to
accomplish
a
particular
task
12
Different
Organ
Systems
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Cardiovascular,
respiratory,
digestive,
nervous,
skeletal,
muscular,
immune,
lymphatic,
urinary,
integument,
endocrine,
and
reproductive
Anatomical
Postion
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-A
common
visual
reference
point
a)
Person
stands
erect
with
feet
together
and
eyes
forward
b)
Palms
face
anteriorly
with
the
thumbs
pointed
away
from
the
body
Regional
Terms
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Names
of
specific
body
areas
Axial
Region
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-The
main
axis
of
the
body
(head,
neck,
and
trunk)
Appendicular
Region
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-The
limbs
Superior
(Cranial)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Toward
the
head
end
or
upper
part
of
a
structure
or
the
body;
above
Inferior
(Caudal)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Away
from
the
head
end
or
toward
the
lower
part
of
a
structure
or
the
body;
below
Anterior
(ventral)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Toward
or
at
the
front
of
the
body;
in
front
of
Posterior
(dorsal)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Toward
or
at
the
back
end
of
the
body;
behind Medial
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Toward
or
at
the
midline
of
the
body;
on
the
inner
side
of
Lateral
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Away
from
the
midline
of
the
body;
on
the
outer
side
of
Intermediate
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Between
a
more
medial
and
a
more
lateral
strucutre
Proximal
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Closer
to
the
organ
of
the
body
part
or
the
point
of
attachment
of
a
limb
to
the
body
trunk
Distal
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Farther
from
the
organ
of
a
body
part
or
the
point
of
attachment
of
a
limb
to
the
body
trunk
Superficial
(external)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Toward
or
at
the
body
surface.
Deep
(internal)
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Away
from
the
body
surface;
more
internal
Coronal
(Frontal)
Plane
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Lies
vertically
and
divides
body
into
anterior
and
posterior
parts
Median
(Midsagittal)
Plane
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--Specific
sagittal
plane
that
lies
vertically
in
the
midline
-Divides
into
right
and
left
halves
Transverse
Plane
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Runs
horizontally--divides
body
into
superior
and
inferior
parts
The
Human
Body
Plan
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Skin
2.
Trunk
muscles
3.
Body
cavities
and
digestive
tube
4.
Limbs
Dorsal
Body
Cavity
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-1.
Cranial
cavity
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