NUR 215 Exam 3 quizzes 2024

upper airway - - not sterile - nasal passage, mouth, and pharynx - infections: common cold, pharyngitis, influenza, rhinosinusitis lower airway - - sterile - trachea, bronchi, bronchioles - gas exchange - infections: RSV, acute bronchitis, TB, pneumonia ventilation - moving air in and out - adequate ventilation necessary for O2 to blood - body - tissue respiration - gase exchange in lungs - external: CO2 - O2 (in lungs) - internal: O2 - CO2 (in tissue) (capillary - tissue gas exchange) factors affecting ventilation - - respiratory rate and depth - hyper/hypoventilation - lung compliance, elasticity - airway resistance factors affecting pulmonary function - - developmental state - environment (stress. allergies, air quality) - lifestyle (substances, exercise, occupation) - smoking and 2nd hand - CNS depressants (meds) alterations to gas exchange - alveoli cant recoil (trapped air) - COPD - emphysema pulmonary assessment - - physical: inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate - respiratory distress: gather symptoms (quick exam: adequacy of breathing, circulating, oxygenation) - healthy person: risk of respiratory disease - extensive questions and physical exam eupnea - normal breathing 12-20 BPM bradypnea - less than 12 BPM tachypnea - more than 20 BPM apnea - period of no breathing