Descriptive Knowledge
Correct Answer: a collection of facts about the observed events that can be
quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations with other known facts
Prediction
Correct Answer: in the presence of one event, another event occurs (or fails to occur)
with some spe...
and philosopic doubt - these guide the work of all scientists
Determinism
Correct Answer: scientists presume that the universe, is a lawful and orderly place in
which all phenomena occur as the result of other events
Accidentalism
Correct Answer: When events occur by accident or without cause
Fatalism
Correct Answer: the belief that events are predetermined
Empiricism
Correct Answer: the practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest
(independent of feelings, predjudice, opinions etc)
Experimentation
Page 2 of 24
, Correct Answer: when events are observed to covary or occur in close temporal
sequence, a functional relation may exist, but other factors may be responsible for the
observed values of the dependent variable
Experiment
Correct Answer: a carefully conducted comparioson of some measure of the
phenomenon of interest (dependent variable) under two or more different conditions in
which only one factor at a time (independent variable) differs from one condition to
another
Replication
Correct Answer: the repeating of experiments
Parsimony
Correct Answer: requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomenon
under investigation be ruled out, experimentally or conceptually, before more complex
or abstract explanations are considered
Philosophic Doubt
Correct Answer: requires the scietist to continually question the truthfulness of what is
regarded as fact
Science
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