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UNMC Pathology Test 1.
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UNMC Pathology Test 1.
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UNMC Pathology Test 1Blood, serum, saline, albumin, urine, bile, hormones, cerebrospinal fluid - ANS-Fluids
required for homeostasis
Peripheral pain receptor found in skin, - ANS-Nociceptor
Hitting finger with hammer - ANS-Noxious stimuli
Specialized sensory fibers, carry nociceptor impulse to spinal cord (A delta and C fibers
- ANS-Afferent fibers
In back of spinal cord (dorsal horn) area with lots of potential modulation or changing of
impulses - ANS-Substantia Gelatinosa
Key neurotransmitter peptide. In order for pain impulses to travel to brain, substance p
has to bind to receptors - ANS-Substance P
Receptor substance P binds to so pain impulses travel to brain - ANS-Neurokinin 1
Conduct impulses fast. Attempt to depolarize SG and T cells (A beta) - ANS-Large
Diameter fibers
have slower conduction on impulses, attempt to inhibit SG, but excite T (A delta and C)
- ANS-Small Diameter fibers
Attempts to inhibit T cell, if more stimulated the more it will inhibit T - ANS-Substantia
Gelatinosa
Central Transmission cell, receives all input, the more excitation of the T, the more
perception of P - ANS-T cell
inhibition of S, stimulation of SG< inhibition of T - ANS-L fibers STIMULATED closed
gate
inhibition of L, inhibition of SG, potentiation of T - ANS-S fibers STIMULATED Open
gate
Concentrations and their ability to equalize - ANS-Osmotic forces
,Equal osmolarity between the ICF and ECF - ANS-Homeostasis
Equal concentrations not equal volume - ANS-Goal of fluid balance
FLuid will move from high to low, from ICF to ECF to dilute the ECF down, free moving
water not concentrations - ANS-Addition of hypertonic solution
Free water from ECF into the cells to dilute and equal the cells - ANS-Addition of
hypotonic solution
A solution with more solute particles than H20 molecules - ANS-A more concentrated
solution would beB
NO. We can make water move though - ANS-Can we add a hyper or hypo solution to
the ICF
40% of body weight, 28 L - ANS-Intracellular Fluid ICF
20% of body weight, 14 L - ANS-Extraceullar Fluid ECF
15% of body weight, 11L - ANS-Interstital Fluid (ECF)
5% of body weight, 3 L - ANS-Intravascular fluid (ECF)
60 % of body weight, 42 L - ANS-Total Body water
(forces favoring filtration) - (forces opposing filtration) - ANS-Net filtration formula
Fluid has to move out of capillaries, need to get O and nutrients into the cell. Need O
and byproducts of food into cell to carry out metabolism - ANS-Net filtration
function to filter out fluid, - ANS-Arteriole side of capillary
Capillary hydrostatic pressure and interstitial oncotic pressure - ANS-Forces favoring
filtration (fluid out)
Capillary oncotic pressure, interstital hydrostatic pressure - ANS-Forces opposing
filtration (fluid in)
, Pressure or force OUT caused by flow of fluid inside the capillary, hydrant, strong
pressure out - ANS-Capillary hydrostatic pressure
The osmotic pull generated by large molecules in the interstitial space, filtration out of
capillary - ANS-Interstitial oncotic pressure
osmotic pull generated by large proteins in the capillary, pull fluid into the capillary and
out of interstitial space - ANS-Capillary oncotic pressure
pressure or force caused by flow of fluid in the interstitial space, fluid into the cell -
ANS-Interstital hydrostatic pressure
Cap hydro pressure out of cell 35mm Hg. Cap oncotic pressure in cell 25 mmGH.
10mmHG moving out, - ANS-Arterial side
Cap hydro pressure out of cell 15mmHg, Cap oncotic pressure in 25 mmHg -
ANS-Venous side
amount of fluid, force of fluid, pressure of BP of fluid - ANS-3 phrases to describe
hydrostatic pressure
osmotic pull, large molecules (proteins) pull fluid towards them - ANS-2 phrases to
describe oncotic pressure
accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space, problem of fluid distribution, not
necessarily fluid excess - ANS-Edema
increase in the forces favoring filtration out, loss of plasma pottiest- leak out of capillary
and into ISS, decreased capillary oncotic pressure - ANS-What causes edema
NL: 135-145 mEq/L - ANS-Sodium AMOUNT
Major ECF cation
Regulates osmotic forces and H20 balance
Maintains neuromusclar irritability
Influences Acid-Base balance - ANS-Na+
Major ECF anion
Passively follows Na+ transport - ANS-Cl-
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