VBSC 421 Exam 1: The Skull
Foramen - ANS-an opening in bone or cartilage through which nerves and blood
vessels may pass
Fossa - ANS-a depression or hollow in which another organ may sit
Process - ANS-a projection or outgrowth of bone or tissue
Suture - ANS-a rigid joint between skull bones
SHARK skull - ANS-chondrocranium and splanchnocranium ONLY (no dermatocranium)
Shark splanchnocranium - ANS-- Jaws, support for gills
Shark chondrocranium - ANS-- Brain and sensory structures
- Eye and otic capsules
Basal Plate (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
wide, flattened bottom portion of skull (ANTERIOR)
Branchial arches (aka visceral arches) (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
skeletal support for the gills
surrounds the pharynx
Carotid foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
carotid arteries pass through this
Epiphyseal foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
pineal organ or eye projects through this (located dorsally)
Eye orbits (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
house the eyeballs
(3)
Foramen magnum (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
the hole in the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes
Gill rakers (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
, prevent food from entering respiratory chambers (larger)
Gill rays (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
strengthen the branchial septa (smaller projections)
Hyoid arch (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
2nd modified visceral arch
Hyomandibular cartilages (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
allows for the major suspension of the jaw from the skull (Hyostolic type of jaw
suspension)
becomes STABES in quadropeds
Meckel's cartilage (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
forms lower jaw
Nasal capsules (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
holds the olfactory system
Occipital condyles (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
articulate with the first trunk vertebra
Optic foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
optic nerve passes through this
Otic capsules (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
hearing and balance (equilibrium) --> forms semicircular canals
Palatoquadrate (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
forms upper jaw
Rostrum (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
forms "nose" profile
NECTURUS (mudpuppy) skull - ANS-Chondrocranium, splanchnocranium, and
dermatocranium
Angular (necturus) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
part of mandible, at hinge of jaw
(11)
Foramen - ANS-an opening in bone or cartilage through which nerves and blood
vessels may pass
Fossa - ANS-a depression or hollow in which another organ may sit
Process - ANS-a projection or outgrowth of bone or tissue
Suture - ANS-a rigid joint between skull bones
SHARK skull - ANS-chondrocranium and splanchnocranium ONLY (no dermatocranium)
Shark splanchnocranium - ANS-- Jaws, support for gills
Shark chondrocranium - ANS-- Brain and sensory structures
- Eye and otic capsules
Basal Plate (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
wide, flattened bottom portion of skull (ANTERIOR)
Branchial arches (aka visceral arches) (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
skeletal support for the gills
surrounds the pharynx
Carotid foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
carotid arteries pass through this
Epiphyseal foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
pineal organ or eye projects through this (located dorsally)
Eye orbits (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
house the eyeballs
(3)
Foramen magnum (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
the hole in the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes
Gill rakers (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
, prevent food from entering respiratory chambers (larger)
Gill rays (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
strengthen the branchial septa (smaller projections)
Hyoid arch (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
2nd modified visceral arch
Hyomandibular cartilages (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
allows for the major suspension of the jaw from the skull (Hyostolic type of jaw
suspension)
becomes STABES in quadropeds
Meckel's cartilage (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
forms lower jaw
Nasal capsules (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
holds the olfactory system
Occipital condyles (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
articulate with the first trunk vertebra
Optic foramen (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
optic nerve passes through this
Otic capsules (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
hearing and balance (equilibrium) --> forms semicircular canals
Palatoquadrate (shark) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
forms upper jaw
Rostrum (shark) - ANS-*chondrocranium*
forms "nose" profile
NECTURUS (mudpuppy) skull - ANS-Chondrocranium, splanchnocranium, and
dermatocranium
Angular (necturus) - ANS-*splanchnocranium*
part of mandible, at hinge of jaw
(11)
